BACKGROUND The Danish Medico-Legal Council provides the court with statements based on available psychiatric assessment reports to assist the law in the use of the Penal Code sections on mentally disordered offenders. AIMS To analyse the impact of the Council on the courts' choice between punishment and treatment in cases of offenders falling under §69 of the Penal Code, i.e. mentally disorde...

the islamic penal code of i.r. iran mentioning to insanity and its degrees, requires briefly that they are playing obstacle role for considering a person as liable one. this brief speaking has been caused to different interpretations to the legal and psychiatric concepts of insanity. this paper is going to review the interaction between these concepts.

The study is devoted to the norms of criminal and penal law regulating relationships associated with evasion from serving imposed punishment. This kind non-criminal omission act not a crime, while it belongs category criminal. Using examples court decisions, author substantiates relevance researching «non-criminal inaction» in form «evasions». investigates various types gives his definition an ...

The expansion of the US carceral state has been accompanied by the emergence of what we call the ‘shadow carceral state’. Operating beyond the confines of criminal law and justice institutions, the shadow carceral state expands penal power through institutional annexation and legal hybridity, including: (1) increased civil and administrative pathways to incarceration; (2) the creation of civil ...

with the adoption of the new islamic penal code, the electronic monitoring was entered iranian criminal justice system, while in the system of other countries, have the older history. comprising more than five decades of history in america and adopted in thirty different countries act. in the new islamic penal code, implementation of electronic surveillance, as many of these institutions are su...