Computing meaningful alternative routes in a road network is a complex problem – already giving a clear definition of a best alternative seems to be impossible. Still, multiple methods [1, 2, 4, 17, 18] describe how to compute reasonable alternative routes, each according to their own quality criteria. Among these methods, the penalty method has received much less attention than the via-node or...

We consider n independent disruptive channels with random availability periods and make use of channel diversity to maintain a link as often as possible. This situation arises when an optical link is to be maintained between a spacecraft and n ground stations affected by cloud coverage. Statistical independence between the stations and equal (un)availability duration distributions are assumed. ...

This paper presents a cross platform multilingual multimedia Indian Sign Language (ISL) dictionary building tool. ISL is a linguistically under-investigated language with no source of well documented electronic data. Research on ISL linguistics also gets hindered due to a lack of ISL knowledge and the unavailability of any educational tools. Our system can be used to associate signs correspondi...

This multimethod, prospective study examined the nature of pathways between interparental hostility and withdrawal, parental emotional unavailability, and subsequent changes in children's internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and school adjustment difficulties over a 3-year period in a sample of 210 mothers, fathers, and 6-year-old children. The results of autoregressive structural equatio...

The diagnosis of histoplasmosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus in southern Africa is complicated by the nonspecific presentation of the disease in this patient group and the unavailability of sensitive diagnostics including antigen assays. Treatment options are also limited due to the unavailability of liposomal amphotericin and itraconazole, and the inability to perform therapeu...

The rapid growth of urbanisation and e-commerce has increased the number home deliveries that need to be made in retail operations. Consequently, there is also an increase unexpected incidents, such as adverse traffic, unavailability parking space, vehicle breakdowns. These disruptions result delays, higher costs, lower service levels last-mile delivery operation. Motivated by free, innovative,...

Covering models have found many applications in a wide variety of real-world problems; nevertheless, some assumptions of covering models are not realistic enough. Accordingly, a general approach would not be able to answer the needs of encountering varied aspects of real-world considerations. Assumptions like the unavailability of servers, uncertainty, and evaluating more factors at the same ti...

BitTorrent suffers from one fundamental problem: the long-term availability of content. This occurs on a massivescale with 38% of torrents becoming unavailable within the first month. In this paper we explore this problem by performing two large-scale measurement studies including 46K torrents and 29M users. The studies go significantly beyond any previous work by combining per-node, per-torren...

In this chapter, we consider some practical scheduling problems under unavailability constraints (breakdown periods, maintenance durations and/or setup times). Such problems can be met in different industrial environments and be associated to numerous real-life applications. This explains why many researchers have become interested in this subject. We aim to present the recent approaches propos...