mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtdna) polymorphisms were examinedin bone samples of individuals buried inan early neolithic (c. 5800–4900 bce) hunter-gatherer cemetery, shamanka ii, located atthe southwestern tip of lake baikal, siberia. the mainobjective was to compare the mtdna polymorphisms observed at shamanka ii to those previously reportedfrom the lokomotiv (early neolithic) and ust...

The transition from the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in Central Europe has often been considered as a supra-regional uniform process, which led to the growing mastery of the new bronze technology. Since the 1920s, archaeologists have divided the Early Bronze Age into two chronological phases (Bronze A1 and A2), which were also seen as stages of technical progress. On the basis of the early...

This document comprises a Stage 2 resource assessment and draft research agenda for the Neolithic and Bronze Age (Early – Middle) of the East Midlands. It builds upon the assessments for Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire, Leicestershire, Rutland and Northamptonshire presented at a seminar at County Hall, Leicester on 28.1.1999 (Bishop 1999; Chapman 1999, Clay 1999a; Membury 1999; Myers ...

shahdad and yahya which are two important prehistoric sites in the kerman province, are of most important forarchaeometallurgical studies. during excavations at these sites a number of metal objects have been discovered.moreover, evidence of metal working on the surface testify to manifacturing of metal objects. this also shows that thesite might have experienced craft specialization.the follow...

Background: A microscopic study on ancient metals was established to identify chemical composition and microstructure of archaeological tin bronze objects. For this purpose, ten small bronze pieces from Baba Jilan Iron Age site, western Iran, were selected and studied by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) methods. Results: The...

north-western iran comprises diverse geographical landscapes, including pastures of piedmonts, mountains, and well-watered plains. the present chronology of this region, nevertheless, is based exclusively on data collected from sites around the urmia lake, other regions being almost totally ignored. during the late bronze age (hereafter lba) a new way of life took shape in the mountainous regio...

Isotope data from a sacrificial ass and several ovicaprines (sheep/goat) from Early Bronze Age household deposits at Tell es-Safi/Gath, Israel provide direct evidence for the movement of domestic draught/draft and husbandry animals between Old Kingdom Egypt (during the time of the Pyramids) and Early Bronze Age III Canaan (ca. 2900-2500 BCE). Vacillating, bi-directional connections between Egyp...

The aim of this study is to apprehend the function of the stone enclosures during the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. Some enclosures well positioned in the Corsican chronology have been chosen to show an evolution of their dimensions, of dry-stone techniques used and of the function of the structures excavated within enclosures. The results prove that during the Neolithic, the whole habitat is i...