Background: Nowadays the main problem in transplantation is the complexity of host immune system protection against the immunological and destructive reactions of the transplanted organ. High serum level of the immunosuppressive drug may cause toxicity and low serum level leads to the rejection of the transplanted organ. Cyclosporine has been known as the most effective immunosuppressive drug. ...

The plasma peak, trough, and peak-trough concentrations of netilmicin given to preterm and term infants were measured after different regimens to determine which dosage would provide satisfactory peak and trough concentrations. In infants aged less than 7 days, dosage regimens of 3.0 or 2.5 mg/kg every 12 hours gave satisfactory peak levels (range 5.2-12.0 micrograms/ml) but troughs were above ...

Objective: To establish a tobramycin dosing schedule for neonates of various gestational ages. Methods: This was a retrospective study with prospective validation. A retrospective study in 470 neonates, with suspected septicemia in the first week of life, was performed. All patients received tobramycin according to the following scheme: neonates with a gestational age of less than 28 weeks rece...

OBJECTIVES Clinical data are lacking on optimal levels of specific antipneumococcal antibodies (PnPsAbs) in patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement. Objectives were to conduct a prospective multicenter study providing data on total immunoglobulin G (IgG) and peak/trough levels of PnPsAbs specifically targeting the 16 most prevalent pn...

Based on a previously derived population pharmacokinetic model, a novel neonatal amikacin dosing regimen was developed. The aim of the current study was to prospectively evaluate this dosing regimen. First, early (before and after second dose) therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) observations were evaluated for achieving target trough (<3 mg/liter) and peak (>24 mg/liter) levels. Second, all obser...