We replace the existing land surface parameterization scheme, the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS), in a regional climate model (RegCM) with the newly developed Common Land Model (CLM0). The main improvements of CLM0 include a detailed 10-layer soil model, the distinction between soil ice and water phases, a linked photosynthesis-stomatal conductance model, a multilayer snow model, a...

The efficacy of two latest versions regional climate models (RegCM and WRF) for simulating the Indian summer monsoon (JJAS) is tested in this study. CFSv2 hindcast outputs are downscaled over domain 11 contrasting seasons using models. April start ensembles averaged to generate initial lateral boundary conditions driving WRF RegCM. perform better features than parent model. rainfall pattern as ...

We apply a hierarchy of atmospheric and process models to assess the response in Western North America to a canonical North Atlantic Heinrich event that is characterized by lowering of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and subsequent warming of North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Global responses to changes in the LIS and SSTs are simulated by the GENESIS general circulation model. Lat...

These notes describe a version of the model presented by Comin and Gertler (2006) which integrates a theory of cycles and growth. The cycles they have in mind are ‘intermediate cycles’, which are frequencies of oscillation in the data that are lower than the 8 to 32 quarter frequencies conventionally associated with business cycles. In some respects, the model resembles the model of Romer that ...

The marine surface wind field (10 m) over the Greek seas is analyzed in this study using The RegCM. The model’s spatial resolution is dynamically downscaled to 10 km × 10 km, in order to simulate more efficiently the complex coastlines and the numerous islands of Greece. Wind data for the 1980–2000 and 2080–2100 periods are produced and evaluated against real observational data from 15 island a...

GENERIC NAME PAGE Alfentanil 408 Amobarbital 411 Amphetamine 410 Buprenorphine 408 Butorphanol 408 Caffeine 410 Chlordiazepoxide 411 Cocaine 410 Diazepam 411 Disulfiram 415 Ethanol 412 Fentanyl 408 Flurazepam 411 Heroin 409 Lorazepam 411 LSD 417 GENERIC NAME PAGE Marijuana 416 MDA 418 MDMA 418 Mescaline 417 Methadone 408 Methamphetamine 410 Methylphenidate 410 Midazolam 411 Morphine 409 Nicotin...

Expectations about an upcoming emotional event have the power to shape one s subsequent affective response for better or worse. Here, we used mediation analyses to examine the relationship between brain activity when anticipating the need to cognitively reappraise aversive images, amygdala responses to those images and subsequent success in diminishing negative affect. We found that anticipator...

Brain metastasis (BM) is increasingly diagnosed in Her2 positive breast cancer (BC) patients. Lack of effective treatment to breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) is probably due to inability of the current therapeutic agents to cross the blood-brain barrier. The central nervous system (CNS) response rate in BCBM patients was reported to improve from 2.6%–6% (lapatinib) to 20%–65% (lapatinib i...