the aim of this paper is to investigate the bazaars and shopping centers as public spaces. given theweakness of public places and consequently the weakness of social interactions, today’s societies are in dire need ofsocial spaces to increase social interactions. therefore, the review of these two as then and now’s urban spaces couldhelp solve some problems. bazaars are among the oldest iranian...

urban public spaces are the most important instruments to strengthen the participation of civil society as an arena of all groups both men and women. women as half of the public spaces users should use urban public spaces as well as men easily and they must feel comfortable in these kinds of places. however, experiences and also the result of researches have shown that women do not benefit equa...

Space and society are clearly interrelated in such a way that conceiving of the former without the latter as well as understanding society without its spatial components is impossible. Public urban spaces provide the grounds for citizens' social interactions and communication. More importantly, active presence of people in these areas promotes levels of social interaction, sense of cooperation ...

public spaces, a central role in planning and urban development is major components of an urban environment is healthy and lively. qualitative and quantitative development of urban public spaces, when appropriate administrative process will be realized, the priority issues in the survey cities, based on modern theories of popular participation (user's perspective) and using the scientific ...

pedestrian areas are a type of urban public space, nowadays because of the serious consequencesof car-dependency and ignoring pedestrian needs, a consensus on the importance of walking and the necessity forplanning for pedestrians movement has been formed among urban designers, planners and people. the concernsabout human health and movement in city create a new trend in contemporary urbanism, ...

Security is one of the most critical factors affecting the quality of urban spaces. Nowadays, most of these spaces have become merely pathways with neither social life nor sense of belonging to it. Insufficiency of public surveillance along with weak sense of control and surveillance results in spaces with high crime rate. In the late 60s and early 70s, high crime statistics in open urban space...

one of the most important sectors of each city where the citizens social interaction occur and urban life flow carry, are public spaces. one conditions for people presence in these spaces is securing their social security sense. nowadays different factors such as cultural, social, economic and physical in cities public spaces, especially in big cities like tehran, have cause abnormal social beh...