The late medieval Voynich Manuscript (VM) has resisted decryption and was considered a meaningless hoax or an unsolvable cipher. Here, we provide evidence that the VM is written in natural language by establishing a relation of the Voynich alphabet and the Iranian Pahlavi script. Many of the Voynich characters are upside-down versions of their Pahlavi counterparts, which may be an effect of dif...

sassanian pahlavi and manichaean middle persian pre/postpositions cover a relatively vast spectrum of meanings. by reference to the different components of the sentence, they act as determining factors for their grammatical roles. despite the fact that some pre/postpositions partly overlap others' in meanings, they mostly maintain the subtleties of their own specific significations. this a...

“bēstūn” other than a place name is the name of a noble lady mentioned in the pahlavi book of ayādgār ī zarērān. this article presents the author’s revised method of reading the middle persian version of the ancient *baga-stāna- in the sassanian book pahlavi sources and tries to give a clear view on the signification and cultural background of this name as well as tracing it down to the culture...

in this article the sins and the presence of the women in ardavirafnameh, a pahlavi book, has been surveyed. the book is one of the important religious books of zoroastrianism. although this book has been written contemporarily but the foundation of the introduced ideas comes from sasanians period. since the book has directly addressed some women's issues and state of their sins in the day...

This paper will discuss several computational tools for creating a stemma of Avestan manuscripts, such as: a letter similarity matrix, a morphological expander, and co-occurrence networks. After a short introduction to Avestan and Avestan manuscripts and a representation of Avestan peculiarities concerning the creation of stemmata, the operatability of the above-mentioned tools for this text co...