A series of ethyl 2-[2-arylamino-4-(thiophen-2-yl)thiazol-5-yl] acetates (5a-5k) and ethyl 2-[2-(arylhydrazino)-4-(thiophen-2-yl)thiazol-5-yl] acetates (9a-9g) were synthesized and screened for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant activities. In vivo test results showed that the compounds with halogen substitution (5c, 5g, 5h, 5i and 5j) at the para position on the 2-aryl amino g...

Background: C5areceptor antagonistPMX205 is a synthetic hexapeptidecapable of blocking C5a-C5a receptor (C5aR) axis by simulating C5a active C-terminal amino acid residues. This hexapeptide presents good anti-inflammatory effects in a myriad inflammation models. The anti-inflammatory effect of PMX205 on periodontitis is yet to be fully fathomed. Objective: To examine the anti-inflammatory effec...

Gastric ulcer disease remains widespread; a stressful lifestyle and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) make significant contributions to this pathological situation (Glavin et al., 1991; Hawkey, 2000; Laine et al., 2008). Despite indubitable advances in elucidation of the pathogenesis of gastric ulceration, there are gaps in our understanding of ulcerogenesis, particularly the role o...

Invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections can be fatal and can occur in healthy children. A case-control study identified factors associated with pediatric disease. Case-patients were identified when Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated from a normally sterile site, and matched controls (>or=2) were identified by using sequential-digit dialing. All participants were noninstitutionalized su...

Superstitions and rituals are commonplace in sports and range from simple activities such as each player touching a special inanimate object before entering the field of play to more extreme behaviours such as not washing a uniform or wearing the same underwear during a winning streak. These practices are relatively harmless and may reduce precompetition anxiety, but a concerning ritual that ha...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease found in the elderly. Drug options that are recommended by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeon (AAOS) are acetaminophen, NSAIDs, tramadol, capscaicin and intraarticular corticosteroids. However, there is concern for the possible side effects resulting from long term use of those medications. Researchers are searching for ...

Berberis vulgaris L (B. vulgaris) and its main constituent berberine have been used in traditional medicine for a long time. This medicinal plant and berberine have many properties that have attracted the attention of researchers over the time. According to several studies, B. vulgaris and berberine exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-c...

When cyclooxygenase (COX)-2–selective inhibitors (coxibs) first entered the market about 5 years ago, the major concern with regard to cardiovascular side effects related to their potential to increase blood pressure and cause salt and water retention, in a manner similar to conventional (nonselective) nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In the short time since, wariness about these s...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first choice in the tretment of rheumatic diseases. Nonsteroidal-antiinflammatory drugs show high efficacy, but they could be responsible for gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events. When the gastrointestinal risk is generally accepted, cardiovascular risk is still without consensus. Did the discussion about potential cardiovascular risk w...