without any doubt, balance is considered as one of the most significant criticism issues which evaluates similarities among different texts so that it can find to a better understanding and consequently the problems can be solved. thus, it stands in a top position in literary criticism. regarding this significance, this study is dedicated to study balance between al-buhturi and al-sharif al-mor...

The significance of error analysis for the learner, the teacher and the researcher is now widely recognized. Earlier studies of error analysis concentrated on intersystematic comparison of the “native language” and the “target language” and drew the required data largely from intuitions and impressionistic observations. This study was conducted on the basis of the following observations: (1) to...

The performance of machine learning algorithms can be improved by combining the output of different systems. In this paper we apply this idea to the recognition of noun phrases. We generate different classifiers by using different representations of the data. By combining the results with voting techniques described in (Van Halteren et al., 1998) we manage to improve the best reported performan...

Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) are a good method to cluster and visualize large collections of text documents, but they are computationally expensive. In this paper, we investigate ways to use natural language parsing of the texts to remove unimportant terms from the usual bag-of-words representation, to improve efficiency. We find that reducing the document representation to just the heads of nou...

Linguistic combinations are referred to as a chain of words that associate with one another and form a semantic phrases, such as adjectival and noun. Innovation in this field is one of the main tasks of creative poetry. Shams's sonnets are of the prominent works of Persian literature and their composition is characterized by its stylistic features. In order to express his sublime and mystical t...

An eye tracking experiment was conducted in order to investigate the role of verb information in resolving structural ambiguity during sentence comprehension. Reading time was measured on sentences containing temporarily ambiguous noun phrases (e.g. "The athlete revealed the problem") that were continued as tensed sentence (S) complements or noun phrase (NP) complements. Ambiguous noun phrases ...

This paper describes a nealy unsupervised learning method for converting or paraphrasing Japanese noun phrases to verb phrases without changing their semantic contents. We focus on the paraphrasing of the noun phrases in the form of “A no B” where “A” and “B” are noun phrases and “no” is a postposition. Noun phrases in this form can express various relationships between “A” and “B.” In the past...

This paper proposes a statistical method of acquiring knowledge about the abbreviation possibility of some of multiple phrases modifying the same verb/noun. Our method calculates weight values of multiple phrases by mutual information based on the strength of relation between the phrases among the multiple phrases and modified verbs/nouns. Among phrases modifying the same verb/noun, those havin...

Novice users engaged in task-oriented dialogues with an adviser to learn how to use an unfamiliar statistical package. The users', task was analyzed and a task structure was derived. The task structure was used to segment the dialogue into subdialogues associated with the subtasks of the overall task. The representation of the dialogue structure into a hierarchy of subdialogues, partly correspo...