This paper examines the relationship between dispositional goal orientations, the perception of different motivational climates and physical self-concept in physical education classes. An additional purpose was to examine the nature of these relationships among boys and girls. Eight hundred and eighty-four students from a large Spanish metropolitan school district were participants in this stud...

Western Europe’s climate is warmer than would be expected because of heat transported by the thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean. Model simulations and paleoclimate data show that it is possible for this circulation to shut down leading to rapid cooling in European climate. We investigate the probability of this occurring using the intermediate complexity climate model, C-GOLDS...

The causes of antibiotic resistance are complex and include human behaviour at many levels of society; the consequences affect everybody in the world. Similarities with climate change are evident. Many efforts have been made to describe the many different facets of antibiotic resistance and the interventions needed to meet the challenge. However, coordinated action is largely absent, especially...

We study climate change policy with hyperbolic discounting under the risk of catastrophic events. Using a binary action model, we compare the set of Markov Perfect Equilibria (MPE) to the optimal policy under (time consistent) commitment. For some initial conditions there are multiple MPE that may involve either excessive or insufficient stabilization efforts relative to the policy under commit...

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India. Department of Mathematics and Center for Atmosphere and Ocean Sciences, Courant Institute for Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA and Center for Prototype Climate Models, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emi...

Stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations will require significant cuts in electric sector carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The ability to capture and sequester CO2 in a manner compatible with today’s fossil-fuel based power generation infrastructure offers a potentially low-cost contribution to a larger climate change mitigation strategy. The extent to which carbon capture and ...

[1] Useful probabilistic climate forecasts on decadal timescales should be reliable (i.e., forecast probabilities match the observed relative frequencies) but this is seldom examined. This paper assesses a necessary condition for reliability, which the ratio of ensemble spread to forecast error being close to one, for seasonal to decadal sea surface temperature retrospective forecasts from the ...

Information theory provides a concise systematic framework for measuring climate consistency and sensitivity for imperfect models. A suite of increasingly complex physically relevant linear Gaussian models with time periodic features mimicking the seasonal cycle is utilized to elucidate central issues that arise in contemporary climate science. These include the role of model error, the memory ...

Using an atmospheric general circulation model of intermediate complexity coupled to a sea ice – slab ocean model, we perform a number of sensitivity experiments under present-day orbital conditions and geographical distribution to assess the possibility that land albedo, atmospheric CO2, orography and oceanic heat transport may cause an icecovered Earth. Changing only one boundary or initial c...