background: construction work (building houses, roads, workplaces, and repairing and maintaining infrastructures) is a dangerous land-based job. this includes many hazardous tasks and conditions such as working at the following conditions: height, excavation, noise, dust, power tools and equipment. construction work has been increased in developed and underdeveloped countries over the past few ...

Research into the evolution of grammar requires that we employ formalisms and processing mechanisms that are powerful enough to handle features found in human natural languages. But the formalism needs to have some additional properties compared to those used in other linguistics research that are specifically relevant for handling the emergence and progressive co-ordination of grammars in a po...

Linguistic utterances are full of errors and novel expressions, yet linguistic communication is remarkably robust. This paper presents a double-layered architecture for open-ended language processing, in which ‘diagnostics’ and ‘repairs’ operate on a meta-level for detecting and solving problems that may occur during habitual processing on a routine layer. Through concrete operational examples,...

Automata over infinite words provide a powerful framework, which we can use to solve various decision problems. However, the automatized reasoning with restricted classes of automata over infinite words is often simpler and more efficient. For instance, weak deterministic Büchi automata, which recognize the ω-regular languages in the Borel class Fσ ∩Gδ, can be handled algorithmically almost as ...

objective: this study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to measure waiting anxiety . methods: this was a cross-sectional study. extensive review of literature and expert opinions were used to develop and validate the waiting anxiety questionnaire. a sample of 321 participants was recruited through random cluster sampling (n= 190 iranian men and n= 131 women). the participants filled...

interferon is a protein secreted by eucaryotic cells following stimulation by viruses, bacteria, and many other immunogenes. recent medical studies indicate that interferons have effective role in the treatment of virus infections, immunodeficiency and certain types of cancer such as hairy cell leukaemia (hcl). the aim of the present study is to apply yeast strain for secreting human ifnα2b fol...