Let $G$ be a connected graph with minimum degree $delta$ and edge-connectivity $lambda$. A graph ismaximally edge-connected if $lambda=delta$, and it is super-edge-connected if every minimum edge-cut istrivial; that is, if every minimum edge-cut consists of edges incident with a vertex of minimum degree.In this paper, we show that a connected graph or a connected triangle-free graph is maximall...

the evaluation of the edge effects of forest roads on ecosystem is very useful to understand changes from forest road. with this regard, in this research the effect of main forest road construction on regeneration and biodiversity of established trees in edge of forest road was investigated at 35 m distance into forest area. an existing 10 years old road segment, with same physiographic propert...

in this study, species richness, evenness and vegetation biodiversity were investigated in stabilized and non-stabilized cut edge areas of chachkam district forest roads in sari forest of iran. 18 micro plots 1×1m (36 micro plots) were sampled to carry out this research on two cut edge areas. number of trees, shrubs and herbaceous were recorded in each micro-plot. significant difference was inv...

The graphs play an important role in our daily life. For example, the urban transport network can be represented by a graph, as the intersections are the vertices and the streets are the edges of the graph. Suppose that some edges of the graph are removed, the question arises, how damaged the graph is. There are some criteria for measuring the vulnerability of graph; the...

We show that for every cubic graph G with sufficiently large girth there exists a probability distribution on edge-cuts of G such that each edge is in a randomly chosen cut with probability at least 0.88672. This implies that G contains an edge-cut of size at least 1.33008n, where n is the number of vertices of G, and has fractional cut covering number at most 1.12776. The lower bound on the si...

Given an edge-capacitated undirected graph G = (V ,E,C) with edge capacity c :E → R+, n = |V |, an s − t edge cut C of G is a minimal subset of edges whose removal from G will separate s from t in the resulting graph, and the capacity sum of the edges in C is the cut value of C. A minimum s − t edge cut is an s − t edge cut with the minimum cut value among all s − t edge cuts. A theorem given b...

An edge cut that separates the connected graph into components with order at least two is restricted edge cut. The cardinality of minimum restricted edge cut is restricted edge connectivity. Denote byλ′ ( G) the restricted edge connectivity , then λ′( G) ≤ξ( G) where ξ( G) is the minimum edge degree. G is called maximal restricted edge connected if the equality in the previous inequality holds....