objective: endothelium is a selective and permeable membrane for transferring nutrients and vital components to arterial wall. endothelial damage might lead to altered biological function of endothelium and clinical consequences such as atherosclerosis. blood pressure pulse always exerts circumferential tension to the arterial wall. hence, such tension together with other loads, play important ...

The positive inotropic effects of catecholamines have been postulated to result from an increase in the intracellular level of cyclic AMP (adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate) produced by activation of adenyl cyclase. Although lack of an inotropic effect by exogenously administered cyclic AMP has cast doubt on this hypothesis, cardiac cells are not readily permeable to cyclic AMP. The N-2'-O-dibutyry...

We demonstrate cyclic strain hardening and frequency-dependent fatigue life in electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni subjected to tension–tension cyclic deformation. These observations are rationalized through mechanistic arguments based on the exhaustion of dislocation sources in the early stages of cyclic loading and on the domination of diffusive processes during later stages. 2005 Acta Materi...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as a potential cell source for tendon/ligament tissue engineering. Extrinsic cues, such as the chemical and physical properties of scaffolds, as well as external forces, play an important role in fibroblastic differentiation of these cells. In this study, we employed a collagen-fibre scaffold that mimics the chemical and fibrous structure and me...

Human and animal models using electromyography (EMG) based methods have hypothesized that viscoelastic tissue properties becomes compromised by prolonged repetitive cyclic trunk flexion-extension which in turn influences muscular activation including the flexion-relaxation phenomenon. Empirical evidence to support this hypothesis, especially the development of viscoelastic tension-relaxation an...

This paper proposes a framework for the constitutive model based on the semi-micromechanical aspects of plasticity, including damage progress for simulating behavior of concrete under multiaxial loading. This model is aimed to be used in plastic and fracture analysis of both regular and reinforced concrete structures, for the framework of sample plane crack approach. This model uses multilamina...

Skin soft tissue (e.g., porcine skin) was tested in vitro under uniaxial cyclic loading, and its biomechanical responses were investigated to realize some basic properties which are very significant in assessing the fatigue life of skin soft tissue. The results show that a cyclic accumulation of peak and valley strain, which can be terminologically called as ratchetting in terms of material sci...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Wire pre-tension in the Ilizarov frame is considered to be important in order to reduce movements that can impair fracture healing. Wires will eventually lose part of their pre-tension, however. In order to gain more insight into the need for wire pre-tension, we investigated: (1) the amount of pre-ten-sion loss, (2) the relationship between pre-tension loss and bolt-tigh...