Polyploidy is a prominent and significant force in plant evolution, taking place since ancient times and continuing until today. Recent cytogenetic studies in the genus Brachiaria using germplasm collected from wild African savannas in the 1980s revealed that most species and accessions within species are polyploid. Diploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid accessions have been found. We found asynch...

The V3 loop of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein (Env) is one conserved immunogenic regions targeted by neutralizing antibodies (nAb). Two different binding modes anti-V3 abs have been reported in studies using two mimotopes: ladle-type and cradle-type. We previously isolated a nAb, 1C10, that potently broadly neutralized clade B viruses. Despite its potent neutra...

This paper investigates the preferences of a firm’s current and future shareholders for the quality of mandated public disclosures. In contrast to earlier studies, our analysis takes into account the effect of the quality of public information on the firm’s internal investment decisions. We show that while the firm’s investment is monotonically increasing in the quality of public information, t...

We develop an agent-based model in which heterogenous and boundedly rational agents interact by trading a risky asset at an endogenously set price. Agents are endowed with balance sheets comprising the risky asset as well as cash on the asset side and equity capital as well as debt on the liabilities side. The introduction of balance sheets and debt into an agent-based setup is relatively new t...

The objective of the paper is to seek how financial growth affects economic growth in Turkey in the flourishing world. The financial market is changed and developed very rapidly in the last decade. Moreover the change of financial market has also been brought some innovations and new policies. So this study examines whether financial development leads to economic growth in Turkey. The main elem...

We provide results on the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium in dynamically incomplete financial markets in discrete time. Our framework allows for heterogeneous agents, unspanned random endowments and convex trading constraints. In the special case where all agents have preferences of the same type and all random endowments are replicable by trading in the financial market we show that a ...

Symmetry breaking of electronic structure configurations for N-electron atoms in weak magnetic and electric fields at the large-dimension limit is described in terms of standard phase transitions. This symmetry breaking, which leads to ionization, is completely analogous to phase transitions and critical phenomena in statistical mechanics. This analogy is shown by allowing the nuclear charge to...

Received: Revised: Accepted: June 19, 2014 July 28, 2014 September 25, 2014 This case report provides the first description of foetal anasarca, from prenatal diagnosis to neonatal treatment, in two English Bulldog puppies. Anasarca affected 2 out of 3 puppies of the same litter. The dam was a 3 year-old primipara and was ultrasonographically monitored during pregnancy. The diagnosis of foetal a...