This paper addresses the problem of measurement of non-monetary economic activity, specifically in the area of free/open source software communities. It describes the problems associated with research on these communities in the absence of measurable monetary transactions, and suggests possible alternatives.. A class of techniques using software source code as factual documentation of economic ...

2 Model Designs 3 2.1 The Base Macro-economic Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2 The Demand For Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2.1 Fixed Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2.2 Residential Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.3 Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3 The Supply of Credit . . . . . . . . ...

It is often assumed that natural gas exploration and development in the Marcellus Shale will bring great economic prosperity to state and local economies. Policymakers need accurate economic information on which to base decisions regarding permitting and regulation of shale gas extraction. This paper provides a summary review of research findings on the economic impacts of extractive industries...

This paper deals with the inspection of pipeline by means of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The different methods of pipeline inspection, its technical and economic efficiency have been examined. The theoretical and experimental base for air monitoring on base of On Board Infrared Equipment (OBIE) have been examined. The method of pipeline inspection by means of UAV has been proposed. The descr...

This paper presents an inferential system based on abductive interpretation of text. Inference to the best explanation is performed by the recognition of the most economic semantic paths produced by the propagation of markers on a very large linguistic knowledge base. The propagation of markers is controlled by their intrinsic propagation rules, devised from plausible semantic relation chains. ...

agriculture is one of the main sectors affected by climate change. although recently some studies about the nature and size climate change effect on the physical variables of water resources and agriculture have been done, however economic perspectives and the role of adaptation strategies have been less studied empirically. the contribution of this study is modeling real economic behavior of s...

This paper reports on some key indicators of the economic significance of the science base. We ask first what the effects of state funding of the science base are. In particular, we ask how state funding of the science base in the UK affects private sector involvement, including the R&D location decisions of multinational firms. We then ask how public science funding affects private sector prod...

In this research study, energy, exergy and economic analyses is performed for a combined cycle power plant (CCPP) with a supplementary firing system. The purpose of this analyses is to evaluate the economic feasibility of a CCPP by applying an optimization techniques based on Evolutionary algorithms. Actually, the evolutionary algorithms of Firefly, PSO and NSGA-II are applied to minimize the c...