para-influenza type 3 virus is one of the most important respiratory system pathogens in cattle and buffalo which causese economical losses in cattle and buffalo raising industries. the aim of this study was to determine the pi3 frequency rate in buffalo calves in khuzestan tropical area and detect the associated factors. one hundred two serum samples were obtained from buffalo calves in winter...

in recent years, shallow bark canker of walnut (juglandis regia l.) trees has become fairly widespread in iran. to determine the distribution of the disease in golestan, mazandaran and gilan provinces, from early summer to mid-fall seasons of 2004, more than one hundred bark samples were collected from walnut trees showing symptoms of shallow bark canker. sixty strains of bacteria were isolated...

this study was investigated reproductive differences in fall and spring migrants of caspian lamprey (caspiomyzon wagneri) in the shirud river (southern caspian sea)in 2008. 89 and 15 specimens were sampled in in spring and fall, respectively. generally, fall migratory fish had a significantly lower condition factor (cf) compared to the spring migrants. there was significant relationship between...

Consider the Mundell-Fleming model. Assume a transitory component in the residual of the money supply stochastic process, as follows. 0 , mt 1 mt s 1 t m s t m g m ≥ φ ε + φε − + = − − Assume a price determination as follows. p p E) 1 (p e t e t 1 t t) (θ θ − + = − Solve the model for inflation and exchange rate. 2. Assume that the money supply is affected by aggregate demand (that is, the gove...

The Yeongsan River estuary is experiencing increased concentrations of nutrient and organic matter due to its bank (sea dike). opening floodgates at the leads a substantial inflow freshwater into saltwater zone, thereby resulting in water quality changes. Our study evaluated spatiotemporal variations limitation zones estuary, which expected fluctuate with changing seasons. We utilized N:P ratio...

The Çaygören Reservoir was sampled monthly from February 2007 to January 2009 at three stations to determine the relationships between the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) dynamics and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), water discharge, water transparency, water temperature (T), specific conductance (SC) and pH. Thermal stratification occurred in the re...

The three key lepidopteran pests of cole, Brassica oleracea L., crops in North America are diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae); cabbage looper; Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae); and imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Two species-specific pheromone-based experimental attracticide formulations were evaluated against ...