نتایج جستجو برای: horizontal transfer was observed when infected and uninfected parasitoid’s larvae shared the same host egg

تعداد نتایج: 21259862  

Journal: :دانش گیاه پزشکی ایران 0
شهرام فرخی استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور احمد عاشوری دانشیار پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران مارتینوس اریس هویخنس استادیار آزمایشگاه حشره¬شناسی دانشگاه واخنینگن هلند پاتریک وربارشات کارشناس آزمایشگاه بیولوژی مولکولی دانشگاه واخنینگن هلند

wolbachia is an intracellular endosymbiont, which can induce thelytokous parthenogenesis in trichogramma egg parasitoids with the infected females producing daughters without any mating. with regard to the usual transfer of wolbachia which is vertical from the mother to her offspring through the cytoplasm of eggs, this manipulation of host’s reproduction can enhance its transmission to future g...

پایان نامه :0 1375

to explore the idea the investingation proposed, aimed at finding whether the performances of the population of iranians students studying english in an efl context are consistent in l1 and l2 writing taks and whether there is a cross-linguistic transfer in this respect. in this regard the subjects were instructed to write four compositions-two in english and two in farsi-which consisted of an ...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی علوم پایه زنجان - دانشکده شیمی 1391

in this thesis a calibration transfer method is used to achieve bilinearity for augmented first order kinetic data. first, the proposed method is investigated using simulated data and next the concept is applied to experimental data. the experimental data consists of spectroscopic monitoring of the first order degradation reaction of carbaryl. this component is used for control of pests in frui...

پایان نامه :0 1375

this study examines the effetivenss of task-based activities in helping students learn english language structures for a better communication. initially, a michigan test was administered to the two groups of 52 students majoring in english at the allameh ghotb -e- ravandi university to ensure their homogeneity. the students scores on the grammar part of this test were also regarded as their pre...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی - دانشکده علوم کشاورزی 1391

abstract: the potato tuberworm, phthorimaea operculella (zeller), is an important insect pest of potato (solanum tuberosum l.) in the storage and field in most parts of the world especially in tropical and subtropical regions due to its close relationship with the host, high reproductive potential and high economic losses. information on host preference, life table parameters and digestive en...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه پیام نور - دانشگاه پیام نور استان تهران - پژوهشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی 1390

this study attempts to investigate the effect of peers’ revision in comparison to that of the teacher, and whether peers’ comments and teachers’ comments facilitate students’ revision? if yes, which one is more effective? also attempts have been made to see which aspects of language are more highlighted by peers versus teachers when commenting. besides, it is investigating the student’s attitud...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه تربیت مدرس 1389

abstract this study was carried out to compare disinfecting effects of nanosilver with other feed disinfectants on layer hen performance, immune system, gastrointestinal microflora and intestinal morphology. total of 90 layers (lsl) were divided into five groups consisting: 1-control, 2- formalin (200 ppm), 3- formaycin (200 ppm), 4- nanosilver in drinking water (7.5 ppm) and 5-nanosilver in f...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی - دانشکده ادبیات و زبانهای خارجی 1389

within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

Journal: :Biology letters 2012
Lukas Gehrer Christoph Vorburger

Heritable bacterial endosymbionts play an important role in aphid ecology. Sequence-based evidence suggests that facultative symbionts such as Hamiltonella defensa or Regiella insecticola also undergo horizontal transmission. Other than through male-to-female transfer during the sexual generation in autumn, the routes by which this occurs remain largely unknown. Here, we tested if parasitoids o...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان - دانشکده تولیدات گیاهی و دامی 1391

میزان نشو و نما و قدرت باروری شبپره ی مدیترانه ای آرد 2) جوانه ی ) ،(fb) ( رژیم غذ ایی تهیه شده از ( 1) آرد گندم + سبوس گندم ( 75 درصد و 25 درصد 3) جوانه ی گندم + ) ،(myg) ( گندم + مخمر نان + گلیسرول به نسبت ( 10 به 1 به 2 وزن به وزن 4) سبوس گندم + مخمر نان + گلی سرول ( 20 به 1 به 2 ) ،(my) ( مخمر نان ( 10 به 1 وزن به وزن و ( 5) سبوس گندم + مخمر نان + گلیسرول + آب ( 100 به 5 به 10 به 5 وزن ...

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