Iranian identity cannot be conceived of as a uniform monolithic concept. But, thanks to certain upheavals in the history of the country, it has turned into the triple concept of national/Islamic/modern. Hofstede’s (2001) cultural framework represents a well-validated operationalization of culture based on six cultural dimensions  (power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/feminini...

slavophilism is described as a manifestation of national consciousness among russian intellectuals at the early 19th century. the aim of this article is to furnish a ground for understanding slavophilism as an attempt by a group of russian educated elites to confront the intellectual identity crisis. for the explanation of this idea, the article begins with a discussion of the different aspects...

A proxy, or wrapper, is an object that mediates access to an arbitrary target object. Proxies are widely used to perform resource management, access remote objects, impose access control [1, 5], restrict the functionality of an object [6], or to enhance the interface of an object. Ideally, a proxy is not distinguishable from other objects so that running a program with an interposed proxy shoul...

Extensionality axioms are common when reasoning about data collections, such as arrays and functions in program analysis, or sets in mathematics. An extensionality axiom asserts that two collections are equal if they consist of the same elements at the same indices. Using extensionality is often required to show that two collections are equal. A typical example is the set theory theorem (∀x)(∀y...

I encountered “hands-on” an emerging phenomenon called “interactive art” on my very first visit to the Ars Electronica (Linz, Austria) in 1989. One of the works on display was Deep Contact, a laserdisc installation by the American artist Lynn Hershman. Sitting in front of a display, the user was invited by (the image of) a seductive young lady to “reach through the screen” and touch her. By mea...

using the analytic-historical method, this article attempts to explain the cultural policies of the first shah of the pahlavi dynasty toward women. relying on the theory of evolution and formation of national identity in iran, the article seeks to answer this question: ‘what is the impact of the cultural policies of the first shah of the pahlavi dynasty on the occurrence of identity crisis amon...

in the case of the crisis of identity, one of the obvious emblems of the objecting new wave in cinema before the islamic revolution is to express the national identity. in this study the problem is to recognize the components of national identity in bahram beyzaie works. introducing the concept of identity ,it’s dimensions and components the ingredients of identity is searched in three main fil...