gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) is an important inhibitory transmitter in central nervous system and is involved in pathophysiology of epilepsy. pentylenete-trazole (ptz), a convulsant agent, partly acts via anion channel of gabaa receptor. ivermectin, an antiparasitic agent and a gabaa agonist, has anticonvulsant effect in animal seizure models. cholestasis increases the threshold of ptz-induce...

Drug-induced cholestasis is the main type of liver disorder accompanied by high morbidity and mortality. Evidence for the role of hepatobiliary pumps in the cholestasis patho-mechanism is constantly increasing. Recognition of the interactions of chemical agents with these transporters at the initial phases of drug discovery can help develop new drug candidates with low cholestasis potential. Th...

Drug-induced cholestasis is the main type of liver disorder accompanied by high morbidity and mortality. Evidence for the role of hepatobiliary pumps in the cholestasis patho-mechanism is constantly increasing. Recognition of the interactions of chemical agents with these transporters at the initial phases of drug discovery can help develop new drug candidates with low cholestasis potential. Th...

Decreased cardiac responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation has been observed in cholestatic liver disease, but the cause remains unclear. Previous reports have suggested that nitric oxide overproduction might have a role in cholestasis-induced bradycardia via inhibition of L-type calcium channels. In the present study, the digoxin has been used to increase cardiac Ca2+ transient in male Sprague...

Cholestasis may result from a failure in bile secretion in hepatocytes or ductular cells, or from a blockade to the free bile flow. Human cholestasis may be induced by many drugs, being antibiotics the more common. Other types of cholestasis seen in humans are a group of familial cholestatic disorders, obstructive cholestasis, primary biliary cirrhosis, extrahepatic biliary atresia, primary scl...

introduction the incidence of liver damage due to steroid consumption is increasing due to the omnipresence of the idealized body image and the widespread availability of drugs via the internet. the genetic factors underlying individual susceptibility are not presently known. conclusions this case of pxr haploinsufficiency reveals transcriptional regulatory functions activated in the liver unde...

Cholestasis activates bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and subsequently enhances hepatic expression of small heterodimer partner (SHP). We previously demonstrated that SHP represses the transactivation of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) promoter by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) 4α. In this study, we investigated the effects of estrogen-induced cholestasis on CYP2D6 expression. Estro...

Background: Clopidogrel is an effective anti-platelet drug that is commonly prescribed for patients with atherosclerotic coronary and peripheral vascular diseases, especially after angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Even though this drug seems safe, there are case reports of important side effects with its use. Case Presentation: The patient was 67 years old male admitted wi...

decreased cardiac responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation has been observed in cholestatic liver disease, but the cause remains unclear. previous reports have suggested that nitric oxide overproduction might have a role in cholestasis-induced bradycardia via inhibition of l-type calcium channels. in the present study, the digoxin has been used to increase cardiac ca2+ transient in male sprague...