conclusions this case inspires consideration of hiv infection as a leading cause of thromboembolic event in individuals affected by the first episode of unprovoked one in whom diagnosis of hiv infection has not been established yet. case presentation a 27-year-old heterosexual smoker man was referred to our center due to a sudden-onset severe left lower extremity pain and claudication since thr...

In previous publications I have suggested that opposite thermodynamic arrows of time could coexist in our universe. This letter responds to the comments of H. D. Zeh (previous letter in this journal). In 2002 a conference took place in Bielefeld, entitled, " The direction of time: The role of reversibil-ity/irreversibility in the study of nature " [1]. In my presentation I spoke about recent wo...

Hemophilia is one of the most common inherited coagulation disorder; with almost half of the cases presents in the neonatal period with bleeding episodes specially post circumcision, although family history is present in about two third cases. Retroperitoneal hemorrhage is a very rare presentation of hemophilia and to the best of our knowledge has not described yet, as initial presentation of h...

an 11-year-old female patient with autoimmune hepatitis (aih) was referred to our rheumatology clinic due to her current musculoskeletal manifestations. the patient had been diagnosed with aih 3 months previously, based on jaundice and impaired liver function tests, and she had been treated with low-dose prednisolone and azathioprine. she presented with malaise, arthritis, a malar rash on the f...