results and conclusions the analysis of covariance revealed that catalase activity significantly decreased in the copenhagen football test group after the assessment compared to regular football exercises group. meanwhile, the glutathione reductase values significantly increased (p < 0.05). the increase in glutathione reductase values led to the protection of erythrocyte metabolism through the ...

Hydration status has profound effects on both physical and mental performance, and sports performance is thus critically affected. Both overhydration and underhydration - if sufficiently severe - will impair performance and pose a risk to health. Athletes may begin exercise in a hypohydrated state as a result of incomplete recovery from water loss induced in order to achieve a specific body mas...

Studies have indicated that sports anemia is mainly associated with intravascular hemolysis induced by exercise. We hypothesized that such exercise-induced hemolysis leads to oxidative damage due to an increase in free iron caused by hematocyte destruction. Thirty-one male ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: a rested control group, an intense-exercise group, and a group rested for 24 ...

Objective: Diabetes is a metabolic disease which is linked to increased physical disabilities and muscle tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interval and continued exercises with crocin on Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in diabetic obese rats. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 56 adult diabetic rats (high-fat diet and venous injection of streptozotocin) we...