Global inequality is a relatively recent topic. It was not until the early 1980s that the first calculations of inequality across world citizens were done.1 This is because in order to calculate global inequality, one needs to have data on (within-) national income distributions for most of the countries in the world, or at least for most of the populous and rich countries. But it is only from ...

PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to examine the association between income inequality and school violence and between the performance inequality and school violence in two international samples. METHODS The study used data from Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2011 and from the Central Intelligence Agency of United States which combined information about academic perf...

This doubly inequality is known in the literature as Hermite-Hadamard integral inequality for convex mapping.We note that Hadamard’s inequality may be regarded as a refinement of the concept of convexity and it follows easily from Jensen’s inequality. For several recent results concerning the inequality (1) we refer the interested reader to [3,5,6,8,9,11,18,21,22] and the references cited there...

Abstract. We give an extension of Hua’s inequality in pre-Hilbert C∗-modules without using convexity or the classical Hua’s inequality. As a consequence, some known and new generalizations of this inequality are deduced. Providing a Jensen inequality in the content of Hilbert C∗-modules, another extension of Hua’s inequality is obtained. We also present an operator Hua’s inequality, which is eq...

Background: Drug use disorders are one of the major health problems in societies, which cause physical, psychological, and social damages to individuals. Socioeconomic status is often inversely associated with drug use disorders. The present study aimed at determining the effect of socioeconomic inequality on the prevalence of drug use disorders and identifying its determinants in Iran.  ...

Background Health is a complex phenomenon that can be studied from different approaches. Despite a growing research in the areas of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) and health equity, effects of macroeconomic policies on the social aspect of health are unknown in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effect of macroeconomic policies on increasing of the social-health inequa...

In most situations the best estimator of a function of the parameter exists, but sometimes it has a complex form and we cannot compute its variance explicitly. Therefore, a lower bound for the variance of an estimator is one of the fundamentals in the estimation theory, because it gives us an idea about the accuracy of an estimator. It is well-known in statistical inference that the Cram&eac...