The kidneys are vital organs performing several essential functions. Their primary function is the filtration of blood and removal metabolic waste products as well fluid homeostasis. Renal main pathway for drug removal, highlighting importance this organ to growing field nanomedicine. (i) have a key role in transport clearance nanoparticles (NPs), (ii) exposed potential NPs’ toxicity, (iii) tar...

introduction: ghrelin is an endogenous peptide that has diverse functions in the body. one of the newly recognized roles of this peptide is its antiapoptotic effect. however, this function has not been investigated in normobaric hypoxia- induced apoptosis in body organs. this study will examine the effect of ghrelin treatment on bax-bcl-2 gene expression in the kidney of chronic hypoxic rats. m...

Introduction: Diabetes is a multifactorial syndrome with high prevalence which may induce serious disorders in the body organs like the liver and kidney. This study aimed to compare the effects of the alcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Swertia longifolia Boiss on blood glucose, lipid profiles and liver and kidney function tests in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Methods: Thirty five male...