Despite the fact that in many countries a great deal of classroom time and self-study is devoted to the learning of grammar, it appears that very little theoretical consideration is given in teacher education programmes either to the nature of the grammatical code which is to be acquired by learners nor to theories of how grammar is learnt in school-based contexts. As stated earlier in this vol...

mirza abdollah afandi, the son of mirza eisa was one of the most famous authors and scholars in 11th and 12th century. someone has named he tabrizi, jeirani, esfahani and … he was a tourist in a half of his life time and in addition to iran cities, he had traveled to rome, turkey, syria, egypt, arabia, bahrain and … he observed libraries of those countries and profited the knowledge of the scho...

This paper describes the outcomes of an investigation into the misconceptions and difficulties encountered when learning grammar. The study is based on evidence collected from a class of twelve-year-olds who were engaged upon a workscheme focusing on grammar,and two cohorts of PGCE English students undertaking an intensive grammar course. The analysis suggests that learning metalinguistic knowl...

This study aimed to identify the portions of teaching materials for English classes in Iran’s high schools. The efficiency of these materials was evaluated by (a) eliciting the teachers’ perception of the materials to identify their distribution portions and (b) studying the teachers’ satisfaction to identify whether the materials were successful to develop the EFL teachers’ knowledge and skill...

This study investigated whether the negative effect of complexity on artificial grammar learning could be compensated by adding semantics. Participants were exposed to exemplars from a simple or a complex finite state grammar presented with or without a semantic reference field. As expected, performance on a grammaticality judgment test was higher for the simple grammar than for the complex gra...

Previous studies have suggested that both automatic and intentional processes contribute to the learning of grammar and fragment knowledge in artificial grammar learning (AGL) tasks. To explore the relative contribution of automatic and intentional processes to knowledge gained in AGL, we utilized dual-task methodology to dissociate automatic and intentional grammar- and fragment-based knowledg...

Writing the grammar of a language is one of the most significant outputs of linguistic studies. In Iran, it is Avicenna (Ibn-e Sina) who is credited with the first such compilation of the Persian language. Understanding the weaknesses associated with the traditional trends of grammar writing in Iran, contemporary Iranian linguists adopted the modern Western approach following the Chomskyan Turn...

proceeded difference in opinion of grammarians led to the capacity of thought in grammar of arabic language, and cause to the conflict in thought of the grammarians. this research aims to study the difference between grammarians in modern grammatical matters, which is similar to that difference that took place between grammarians in basra and kufa in matters of arabic grammar. the present resea...