Background. Many countries worldwide use sports events as a tool to stimulate both their national and local economies. To gain a competitive advantage, knowledge of sports event success is essential for stakeholders and hosting countries. However, due to the diverse conceptualizations of event success, the knowledge of the issue is fragmented, and there is a lack of comprehensive studies for sc...

We examine three related ways in which the gap between theory and practice has been framed. One approach views it as a knowledge transfer problem, a second argues that theory and practice represent distinct kinds of knowledge, and a third incorporates a strategy of arbitrage—leading to the view that the gap is a knowledge production problem. We propose a method of engaged scholarship for addres...

background: reduction of physical activity among people is one of the most important problems of society which is resulted from life industrialization. the aim of this study was to survey knowledge and theory of planned behavior constructs inclusive attitude, intention, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control regarding girl student’s physical activity in naein payam noor university in...

model building is one of the most important characteristics of human beings. according to a classification, there are three kinds of models. the first type are omdels which are unique to every individual person and every body has his own models. another kind of models are those which are general. theories arise from this kind of models. the third kind are modols for model building and deals wit...

This paper introduces the concept of Triple Helix systems as an analytical construct that systematizes the key features of university-industry-government (Triple Helix) interactions into an ‘innovation system’ format defined according to systems theory as a set of components, relationships and functions. This conceptual framework offers a broad perspective for understanding the sources and deve...