In today’s competitive business environment, the design and management of supply chainnetwork is one of the most important challenges that managers encounter. The supply chain network shouldbe designed for satisfying of customer demands as well as minizing the total system costs. This paper presentsa multi-period multi-stage supply chain network design problem under demand uncertainty. The prob...

Today, sustainable development is one of the important issues in regard to the economy of a country. This issue magnifies the necessity for increased scrutiny towards issues such as environmental considerations and product recovery in closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs). The most important motivational factors influencing research on these topics can be considered in two general groups: environme...

During the last decade, reverse logistics networks received a considerable attention due to economic importance and environmental regulations and customer awareness. Integration of leading and reverse logistics networks during logistical network design is one of the most important factors in supply chain. In this research, an Integer Linear Programming model is presented to design a multi-layer...

green supply chain management is an environmental approach in supply chain management that aims to decrease ecological risks in products’ life cycle. closed-loop supply chain by collecting and recycling the harmful production in nature attempts to achieve this goal. in this paper, due to different strategies in collecting products, several pricing models in two-echelon closed supply chain are p...

Interests in Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) issues are growing day by day within the academia, companies, and customers. Many papers discuss profitability or cost reduction impacts of remanufacturing, but a very important point is almost missing. Indeed, there is no guarantee about the amounts of return products even if we know a lot about demands of first products. This uncertainty is due to ...

This paper presents a competitive supply chain network design problem in which one, two, or three supply chains are planning to enter the price-dependent markets simultaneously in uncertain environments and decide to set the prices and shape their networks. The chains produce competitive products either identical or highly substitutable. Fuzzy multi-level mixed integer programming is used to mo...

In recent years, the market of electric vehicles (EVs) has developed rapidly across world, and recycling a large number their spent power batteries become an urgent challenge today. The resulting closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) have been considerably studied under different aspects. However, there is lack research investigating vehicle (EVBs) network design uncertainty. This paper focuses on is...