background: fetal nasal bone assessment is a non-invasive procedure that helps provide even greater assurance to patients undergoing their first trimester risk assessment for aneuploidies. absence or presence of this factor is different in some races. objective: the study was aimed to evaluate nasal bone in the first trimester of pregnancy in the indigenous population of khuzestan province, and...

context maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) and alpha fetal protein (afp) were originally introduced to detect trisomy 21 and neural tube defects. however, in the absence of aneuploidy or neural tube defects, mid-trimester maternal serum hcg and/or maternal serum afp associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. pregnancies with unexplained mid-trimester elevation in maternal serum ...

Screening examination for maternal, especially serum, is a non-invasive of the fetus’s condition. During pregnancy, screening examinations are performed in women recommended ultrasonography (USG), amniocentesis, or other obstetric interventions. There three markers maternal serum screening: alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol. Maternal alpha-fetoprote...

present as an abnormal maternal screening test result or abnormal ultrasonography finding, this condition is not typically associated with structural abnormalities or abnormal maternal serum screening profiles. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis of Turner syndrome is complicated, and most cases are diagnosed incidentally or postnatally. In 1997, Lo et al. [3] demonstrated that fetal cell-free DNA (c...

down syndrome (ds) is a birth defect with huge medical and social costs, caused by trisomy of whole or part of chromosome 21. it is the most prevalent genetic disease worldwide and the common genetic cause of intellectual disabilities appearing in about 1 in 400-1500 newborns. although the syndrome had been described thousands of years before, it was named after john langdon down who described ...

conclusions results showed that whereas knowledge by itself cannot guarantee men’s participation in prostate cancer screenings, perceived barriers can play an important role in discouraging men from cancer screening participation. therefore, designing programs to address these barriers is very important. results the most common barriers to screening for prostate cancer were a lack of knowledge ...

Objective: To develop a Canadian consensus document with recommendations on maternal screening for fetal aneuploidy (e.g., Down syndrome and trisomy 18) in pregnancy. Options: Pregnancy screening for fetal aneuploidy started in the mid 1960s, using maternal age as the screening test. New developments in maternal serum and ultrasound screening have made it possible to offer all pregnant patients...

background: abnormal levels of the markers afp, hcg, and ue3 could be useful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes. this study was designed to determine the correlation between second trimester maternal serum markers and adverse pregnancy outcome (apo). methods: in this historical cohort study, we randomly followed 231 obstetric patients with quadruple screening test in 14-18 weeks of gestat...

Down syndrome (DS) is a birth defect with huge medical and social costs, caused by trisomy of whole or part of chromosome 21. It is the most prevalent genetic disease worldwide and the common genetic cause of intellectual disabilities appearing in about 1 in 400-1500 newborns. Although the syndrome had been described thousands of years before, it was named after John Langdon Down who described ...