PURPOSE To compare the refractive results of cataract surgery measured by applanation ultrasound and the new partial coherence interferometer, AL-scan. METHODS Medical records of 76 patients and 104 eyes who underwent cataract surgery from January 2013 to June 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Biometries were measured using ultrasound and AL-scan and intraocular lens power was calculated us...

abstract long-term historical weather data are needed to conduct crop simulation analysis. simulated climatic data may be used when long series of historic data are not available or convenient or when future data are needed. the aim of this study was to generate daily weather values for maximum and minimum air temperatures. a number of weather generators are compared here. data from ten station...

Computer-assisted video motion analysis is a method of evaluating human kinematics that offers promise both for research and for clinical application. This study determined the upper limits of accuracy and consistency of linear and angular measures obtained using the Ariel Performance Analysis System. Reference standards included a meter stick and a universal 360 degrees goniometer. Average mea...

We study the off-policy evaluation problem— estimating the value of a target policy using data collected by another policy—under the contextual bandit model. We consider the general (agnostic) setting without access to a consistent model of rewards and establish a minimax lower bound on the mean squared error (MSE). The bound is matched up to constants by the inverse propensity scoring (IPS) an...

Collider-stratification bias arises from conditioning on a variable (collider) which opens a path from exposure to outcome. M bias occurs when the collider-stratification bias is transmitted through ancestors of exposure and outcome. Previous theoretical work, but not empirical data, has demonstrated that M bias is smaller than confounding bias. The authors simulated data for large cohort studi...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a progressive systemic nonatherosclerotic angiopathy which causes ischemic strokes and vascular subcortical dementia. A cross-sectional study was performed to examine the retinal vascular caliber and blood flow in CADASIL. METHODS Scanning laser Doppler flowmetry was ...

The problem of estimating nonparametric regression with associated confidence intervals is addressed. It is shown that through appropriate choice of infinite order kernel, it is possible to construct bootstrap confidence intervals which do not require either explicit bias correction or suboptimal levels of smoothing at any stage of the estimation. In particular, it is demonstrated that in this ...

Grasse DW, Moxon KA. Correcting the bias of spike field coherence estimators due to a finite number of spikes. J Neurophysiol 104: 548–558, 2010. First published May 19, 2010; doi:10.1152/jn.00610.2009. The coherence between oscillatory activity in local field potentials (LFPs) and single neuron action potentials, or spikes, has been suggested as a neural substrate for the representation of inf...