in this study, the elemental powders of aluminum and copper were initially subjected to mechanical alloying using an attrition ball mill under argon atmosphere to produce an al-4.5 wt% cu powder alloy. the wc nanoparticles were then added to the powder alloy and milled in a planetary ball mill to explore the role of the wc nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of the fabricated composite p...

Cancellous bone microstructure is an important determinant of the mechanical integrity of vertebrae. The numerous microstructural parameters that have been studied extensively are generally represented as a single value obtained as an average over a sample. The range of the intra-sample variability of cancellous microstructure and its effect on the mechanical properties of bone are less well-un...

Two different microstructural architectures featuring multiple length scales have been created in the thermoelectric Mg2(SixSn1 x) system. The first one combines the nano-grain microstructure, characteristic of rapid solidification, with a large-scale pseudo-periodic pattern in one direction. The second is a layered structure in which the composition and microstructural scale vary from layer to...

Periventricular hemorrhagic infarct (PVHI) is among the most devastating injuries suffered by prematurely born infants. In PVHI (formerly called Grade 4 intraventricular hemorrhage), an intraventricular vein that drains smaller veins from the surrounding white matter is occluded, resulting in venous infarction with hemorrhage [1]. DTI has become a useful imaging technique to identify maturation...

Homocysteine level can lead to adverse effects on the brain white matter through endothelial dysfunction, microstructural inflammation, and neurotoxin effects. Despite previously observed associations between elevated homocysteine and macroscopic structural brain changes, it is still unknown whether microstructural associations of homocysteine on brain tissue properties can be observed in healt...

The extraordinary mechanical performance of spider dragline silk is explained by its highly ordered microstructure and results from the sequences of its constituent proteins. This optimized microstructural organization simultaneously achieves high tensile strength and strain at breaking by taking advantage of weak molecular interactions. However, elucidating how the original design evolved over...

The technology of high-density electropulsing has been applied to increase the performance of metallic materials since the 1990s and has shown significant advantages over traditional heat treatment in many aspects. However, the microstructure changes in electropulsing treatment (EPT) metals and alloys have not been fully explored, and the effects vary significantly on different material. When h...

To date, most studies of white matter changes in Bipolar Disorder (BD) have been conducted in older subjects and with well-established disorders. Studies of young people who are closer to their illness onset may help to identify core neurobiological characteristics and separate these from consequences of repeated illness episodes or prolonged treatment. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used t...