background thymus species are well known medicinal plants which the previous studies suggested the involvement of the opioid system in them. objectives this study aimed to investigate the effects of methanolic extract and essential oil of aerial parts of thymus daenensis (td), an endemic aromatic medicinal plant of iran, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. materials and methods experiments...

Objective(s) Opioid abuse is still remained a major mental health problem, a criminal legal issue and may cause ischemic brain changes including stroke and brain edema. In the present study, we investigated whether spontaneously withdrawal syndrome might affect stroke outcomes. Materials and Methods Addiction was induced by progressive incremental doses of morphine over 7 days. Behavioral si...

introduction: some studies indicate changes in the level of thyroid hormones in addicted people. also, there are some reports concerning the modulation of hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis in the context of morphine addiction. in the present study, the effects of thyroid gland activation via the acute and chronic administration of levothyroxine on morphine withdrawal syndrome were investigat...

background: chronic abuse of opiates induces dependency, but the neurobiological mechanisms of this event remain unclear. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intracerebroventricular of venlafaxine on the morphine dependence and pain perception. methods: a total of 80 adult male rats were divided into two major groups: (1) 40 of them was divided into groups of positive control (...

introduction: morphine addiction and morphine withdrawal syndrome are the two main problems of today’s human society. the present study has investigated the effects of nicotine on the strength of physical and psychological dependency in single and repeated doses morphine administrated rats. methods: male wistar rats were subjected to morphine consumption with single or frequent dose protocols. ...

conclusions the results of the present study revealed that the aloe vera aqueous extract had various effects on morphine withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent female rats . results the results of the present study showed that agitation, disparity, and floppy eyelids in group e were significantly higher than those of others groups; however, these symptoms in group c were significantly lower ...

introduction: methadone has been used as a drug to detoxify opioid tolerance. naloxane precipitated morphine withdrawal behaviours were attenuated by venlafaxine as an antidepressant. on the contrary, after detoxifying the opioids, spontaneous withdrawal syndrome may occur with pain sensitivity. therefore the present study aimed to examine the effects of chronic methadone (70 mg/kg, in drinking...