In today’s global marketplace, an effective integration of production and distribution plans into a unified framework is crucial for attaining competitive advantages. This paper, therefore, addresses an integrated multi-product and multi-time period production-distribution planning problem for a two-echelon supply chain subject to the real-world constraints. It is assumed that all transportatio...

Integrated production-distribution planning (PDP) is one of the most important approaches in supply chain networks. We consider a supply chain network (SCN) consististing of multi suppliers, plants, distribution centers (DCs), and retailers. A bi-objective mixed integer linear programming model for integrating production-distribution designed here aim to simultaneously minimize total net costs ...

in this paper, we consider a multi-site production planning problem subject to uncertainty in demand and workforce expenses. in our new mathematical model, we presented a production planning system considering failure in rework and breakdown. we also survey human workforce allocation and its expenses which are considered uncertain due to some tradeoff between company’s benefits and workforce :u...

Abstract: Bi-level programming, a tool for modeling decentralized decisions, consists of the objective(s) of the leader at its first level and that is of the follower at the second level. Three level programming results when second level is itself a bi-level programming. By extending this idea it is possible to define multi-level programs with any number of levels. Supply chain planning problem...

  Bi-level programming, a tool for modeling decentralized decisions, consists of the objective(s) of the leader at its first level and that is of the follower at the second level. Three level programming results when second level is itself a bi-level programming. By extending this idea it is possible to define multi-level programs with any number of levels. Supply chain planning problems are co...

In today’s competitive market place, companies seek an efficient structure of supply chain so as to provide customers with highest value and achieve competitive advantage. This requires a broader perspective than just the borders of an individual company during a supply chain. This paper investigates an aggregate production planning problem integrated with distribution issues in a supply chain ...

Decentralized supply chain management is found to be significantly relevant in today’s competitive markets. Production and distribution planning is posed as an important optimization problem in supply chain networks. Here, we propose a multi-period decentralized supply chain network model with uncertainty. The imprecision related to uncertain parameters like demand and price of the final produc...