Organisms are adept at altering behaviors to balance the tradeoff between foraging and predation risk in spatially and temporally shifting predator environments. In order to optimize this tradeoff, prey need to be able to display an appropriate response based on degree of predation risk. To be most beneficial in the earliest life stages in which many prey are vulnerable to predation, innate ant...

The human microbiome has become a recognized factor in promoting and maintaining health. We outline opportunities in interdisciplinary research, analytical rigor, standardization, and policy development for this relatively new and rapidly developing field. Advances in these aspects of the research community may in turn advance our understanding of human microbiome biology.

the present study aimed to identify strategies used to realize the speech act of offerin persian. to do so, 195 male and female native persian speakers were selected fromdiverse age ranges, educational backgrounds, and social classes, and were assigned a36-item discourse completion task (dct) to elicit the speech act of offer. thirtyfield workers also recorded naturally occurring interactions c...

The term “non–intrusive” is often used to characterise this technique: Users do what they normally do without being disturbed by the observ e r s . One of the advantages of this method is that users can be observed in the e n v i ronment where the system is normally used. This is why dire c t o b s e rvation is said to have high face validity, also re f e rred to as extern a l validity or ecolo...

We have studied two-body charmless hadronic decays of B mesons into the nal states K and K. Using 9.7 million B B pairs collected with the CLEO II detector, we observe the decays B ? ! K ? and B 0 ! K 0 with the following branching fractions: ?1:7) 10 ?6. We also see evidence for the decays B 0 ! K 0 and B ? ! K ?. However, since the statistical signiicance is not overwhelming for these modes w...

Mantis shrimps (Crustacea: Stomatopoda) are potential aquaculture species as they are constantly fished from the wild to satisfy demands of the seafood industry. Breeding capacity of mantis shrimps in captivity is scarce and implies a gap in this area to achieve successful aquaculture practices for this species. A preliminary observation was conducted with locally obtained mantis shrimps Miyake...