in order to study the effects of growth promoting bacteria (gpr) and mycorrhizal fungi on seedling emergence, establishment and growth of two ecotypes alfalfa under salinity stress condition, an experiment was conducted in greenhouse of college of agriculture and natural resources, university of tehran in summer 2011. the experiment was arranged as a factorial with three replications. experimen...

Expression of the inner membrane protein FoxB (PA2465) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mutants of Sinorhizobium meliloti that are defective in the utilization of ferrichrome, ferrioxamine B, and schizokinen resulted in the restoration of siderophore utilization. Mutagenesis of foxB in P. aeruginosa did not abolish siderophore utilization, suggesting that the function is redundant.

We investigated the genetic diversity and symbiotic efficiency of 223 Sinorhizobium sp. isolates sampled from a single Mediterranean soil and trapped with four Medicago truncatula lines. DNA molecular polymorphism was estimated by capillary electrophoresis-single-stranded conformation polymorphism and restriction fragment length polymorphism on five loci (IGS(NOD), typA, virB11, avhB11, and the...

Sinorhizobium meliloti and Sinorhizobium medicae are two closely related species of the genus Sinorhizobium showing a similar host range, nodulating leguminous species of the genera Medicago, Melilotus and Trigonella, but their phylogenic relationship has not been elucidated yet. In this paper we report the application of three different molecular markers, (i) RFLP of nodD genes, (ii) 16S-23S r...

Through the analysis of 57 bacterial genomes we have detected repetitive extragenic palindromic DNA sequences (REPs) in 11 species. For a sequence to be considered as REP, the following criteria should be met: (i) It should be extragenic, (ii) palindromic, (iii) of a length between 21 and 65 bases and (iv) should constitute more than 0.5% of the total extragenic space. Species-specific REPs hav...

In the symbiosis between rhizobia and legumes, host plants can form symbiotic root nodules with multiple rhizobial strains, potentially showing different symbiotic performances in nitrogen fixation. Here, we investigated the presence of mixed nodules, containing rhizobia with different degrees of mutualisms, and evaluate their relative fitness in the Sinorhizobium meliloti-Medicago sativa model...

Using nitrogen-fixing Sinorhizobium species that interact with Medicago plants as a model system, we aimed at clarifying how sex has shaped the diversity of bacteria associated with the genus Medicago on the interspecific and intraspecific scales. To gain insights into the diversification of these symbionts, we inferred a topology that includes the different specificity groups which interact wi...

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the major membrane-forming phospholipid in eukaryotes and can be synthesized by either of two pathways, the CDP-choline pathway or the methylation pathway. In prokaryotes only the methylation pathway was thought to occur. Recently, however, we could demonstrate (de Rudder, K. E. E., Sohlenkamp, C., and Geiger, O. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 20011-20016) that a second ...