the present article studies the quds city and the holy status it has gained in the history. it also reviews its geographical and historical characteristics in time especially the historical demography of this city and its neighbors in the 16th century. this century starts with the occupation of the city by crusaders and thus the decrement of population due to the death of 70 thousand people of ...

We discuss and combine representation formats for discourse structure, in particular ’d-trees’ from QUD theory and SDRT graphs. QUD trees are derived from SDRT graphs, while changes must apply to QUD theory in order to allow for representations of naturalistic data. We discuss whether QUDs can replace discourse relations. We apply a new method for the identification of implicit Questions under ...

This paper presents the methodology and semantics of a general procedure for the joint analysis of textual data in terms of discourse structure and information structure, which makes use of Questions under Discussion (QUDs). We define a number of pragmatic principles that govern the reconstruction of implicit QUDs.

Al-Quds has always enjoyed a special standing worldwide for either its historic and civilized position, or geographically strategic location in the center of Arab region Old-World continents. Due to importance, issues were paid attention on global arena by major countries international institutes, particularly United Nations institutes. This study addresses five main claims: 1) most prominent U...

1Islah Medical Laboratory, Islah Charitable Social Society, Jericho, Palestine. 2Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem, Palestine. 3Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. 4Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Humboldt University, Charité, Berlin, Germany. ABSTRACT This study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Jericho city and the ad...

We consider two hypotheses about how rhetorical structure and QUD structure might come together to provide a more general pragmatic theory. Taking SDRT ([2]) and some basic principles from [18]’s QUD framework as starting points, we first consider the possibility that rhetorical relations can be modelled as QUDs, and vice versa. We ultimately reject this hypothesis in favor of the possibility t...

in recent years many transformations have occurred in iranian society and women and girls still have a lot of worries about comes to urban public spaces. also, due to some ambiguities in defining the domain of public space in traditional islamic cities and gaps in the knowledge related to the kurdish cities, the main problem of this paper is how we can define a participatory approach to improve...

In recent years many transformations have occurred in Iranian society and women and girls still have a lot of worries about comes to urban public spaces. Also, due to some ambiguities in defining the domain of public space in traditional Islamic cities and gaps in the knowledge related to the Kurdish cities, the main problem of this paper is how we can define a participatory approach to improve...

OBJECTIVES To (1) evaluate educational needs of clinical students at Al-Quds University Medical School in the West Bank; (2) address these needs where possible using synchronous distance learning, with clinicians in Oxford providing case-based tutorials to undergraduates in the West Bank via an online platform (WizIQ) and (3) assess the impact of this education. DESIGN Review of online OxPal ...