all biological samples emit ultra-low intensity light without any external stimulation. recently, scientific communities have paid particular attention to this phenomenon, known as ultra-weak photon emission (upe). upe has been introduced in the literature as an alternative for biophoton, low-level chemiluminescence and ultra-weak bioluminescence, while it differs from ordinary bioluminescence,...

This paper contains the main results concerning the evaluation of the consumption distribution of Iran in terms of levels, shape, inequality and social welfare for the years 1989 and 1994. The results show that the shape of consumption distribution in Iran is showed to the right and there is a large gap between the average level of consumption in rural and urban areas. Inequality in Iran is rel...

this paper contains the main results concerning the evaluation of the consumption distribution of iran in terms of levels, shape, inequality and social welfare for the years 1989 and 1994. the results show that the shape of consumption distribution in iran is showed to the right and there is a large gap between the average level of consumption in rural and urban areas. inequality in iran is rel...

An efficient method for finding a better maximizer of computationally extensive probability distributions is proposed on the basis of a Bayesian optimization technique. A key idea of the proposed method is to use extreme values of acquisition functions by Gaussian processes for the next training phase, which should be located near a local maximum or a global maximum of the probability distribut...

A modified Student’s t distribution is suggested for small scale fading statistics in line of sight and non line of sight conditions where the number of scatterers is small, and the central limit theorem does not hold. The new model is superior to the previously suggested POCA distribution, and has the natural characteristic of radial symmetry. The new model was tested against channel response ...

the rock masses in a construction site of underground cavern are generally not continuous, due to the presence of discontinuities, such as bedding, joints, faults, and fractures. the performance of an underground cavern is principally ruled by the mechanical behaviors of the discontinuities in the vicinity of the cavern. during underground excavation, many surrounding rock failures have close r...

The stochastic Eigen model proposed by Feng et al. (2007) (Journal of Theoretical Biology, 246, 28) showed that error threshold is no longer a phase transition point but a crossover region whose width depends on the strength of the random fluctuation in an environment. The underlying cause of this phenomenon has not yet been well examined. In this article, we adopt a single peak Gaussian distri...