traditional survey methods may cause refusals to respond or untruthful replies when encounter the sensitive questions. the randomized response technique (rrt) is designed to decrease social desirability bias and obtain reliable estimates. this study aimed to apply these new methods on the sensitive questions survey.simmons model was applied in the survey of issues relevant to commercial sex amo...

The possibility that researchers should be able to obtain data from all cases is questionable. There a need; therefore, this article provides probability and non-probability sampling. In paper we studied the differences similarities of two with approach more fritter away time, cost sufficient energy required throughout sample observed. pair shows between them, different articles were reviewed c...

Analyzing data sets of billions of records has now become a regular task in many companies and institutions. In the statistical analysis of those massive data sets, sampling generally plays a very important role. In this work, we describe a scalable simple random sampling algorithm, named ScaSRS, which uses probabilistic thresholds to decide on the fly whether to accept, reject, or wait-list an...

There are many sources of error in counting votes: the apparent winner might not be the rightful winner. Hand tallies of the votes in a random sample of precincts can be used to test the hypothesis that a full manual recount would find a different outcome. This paper develops a conservative sequential test based on the vote-counting errors found in a hand tally of a simple or stratified random ...

Abstract Simple random-sampling resolutions of the raven paradox relevantly diverge from scientific practice. We develop a stratified model, yielding better fit and apparently rehabilitating simple random sampling as legitimate idealization. However, neither accommodates second concern, objection potential bias. third model that crucially invokes causal considerations, novel resolution handles ...

In the United States, low marriage rates and high divorce rates among the poor have led policymakers to target this group for skillsand values-based interventions. The current research evaluated the assumptions underlying these interventions; specifically, the authors examined whether low-income respondents held less traditional values toward marriage, had unrealistic standards for marriage, an...

The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate prosocial content of a local children’s television series News Six produced by WBGU-TV, Bowling Green, Ohio. A stratified random sample of 114 programs (228 news stories) broadcast between 1972-2002 was coded for story setting, theme, prosocial messages, and primary message attributes. Results of a nonfrequency content analysis indicate tha...