نتایج جستجو برای: tax structure
تعداد نتایج: 1596482 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
e-commerce that has undergone an increasing trend in recent years has been regarded as the modern method for transfer of information and economic exchange. this phenomenon brings about massive changes in most of relations between various economic institutions. such changes have also occurred in tax systems. hence, the present research aims to investigate effect of e-commerce on tax structure ...
one of the reasons that companies avoid paying their taxes is that they choose to use debts for their funding. in other words, tax saving, an activity of companies to avoid taxpaying, can be used to finance corporate projects. furthermore, since institutional owners are more inclined to supervise, they may shrink managerial behaviors to avoid taxpaying. in this study, institutional owners’ supe...
the corporate income tax rate plays a worthwhile role in developing fiscal and tax policies for companies, lawmakers and analysts. so, one of the most important issues in tax field, is to determine effective tax rates. the study and scientific calculations of the effective tax rates provide an enhanced tax justice and a careful study of tax pressure on taxpayers would be possible. the objective...
The phenomenon of tax evasion has been always one of the most major issues among economists due to it's devastating effects on the economy and the process of economic development. Many scholars have always sought to provide solutions to reduce and limit tax evasion. The introduction of the VAT system can be seen as a milestone in the area of economic transparency and tax evasion, which refers t...
One of the reasons that companies avoid paying their taxes is that they choose to use debts for their funding. In other words, tax saving, an activity of companies to avoid taxpaying, can be used to finance corporate projects. Furthermore, since institutional owners are more inclined to supervise, they may shrink managerial behaviors to avoid taxpaying. In this study, institutional owners’ supe...
s tructural change is defined as a change in the relative weight of the important constituents of the macro-economic indicator such as production, taxes, imports and exports, workforce etc. since the structure change is one of the main reasons for the growth and economic development of countries, the investigation of the trend of changes in economic important constituents is important. tax as a...
عنوان : بررسی رابطه علیت بین درآمدها و مخارج دولت در ایران (اسمی و واقعی، 84-1338) نام و نام خانوادگی : فاطمه دارابی رشته تحصیلی : اقتصاد نظری استاد راهنما : دکتر شمس اله شیرین بخش - دکتر منیژه نخعی استاد مشاور : دکتر زهرا افشاری چکیده کنترل کسری و بدهی دولت همواره یک چالش برای دولت ایران و دیگر کشورها بوده است . بنابراین رابطه علیّت همواره بین مخارج دولتی و در آمدهای دولت ی...
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that more opportunities exist for tax avoidance when cigarette excise tax structure departs from a uniform specific structure. However, the association between tax structure and cigarette price variability has not been thoroughly studied in the existing literature. OBJECTIVE To examine how cigarette tax structure is associated with price variability. The v...
S tructural change is defined as a change in the relative weight of the important constituents of the macro-economic indicator such as production, taxes, imports and exports, workforce etc. Since the structure change is one of the main reasons for the growth and economic development of countries, the investigation of the trend of changes in economic important constituents is important. Tax...
In this study, a contract for vertical and horizontal coordination is developed in which transportation mode and carbon emissions tax play a key role in determining the values of the contract parameters. The contract is designed for simultaneous coordination of cooperative advertising and periodic review replenishment decisions of a supplier and two competitive retailers. To obtain the optimal ...
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