به طور کلی در فرآیندهای مارکوف ارگودیک دو بعدی یافتن فرم بسته توزیع ایستا، تنها برای حالات خیلی خاص امکان پذیر است. با توجه به این مشکل و نیز با توجه به اهمیت توزیع ایستا، بررسی و مطالعه رفتار مجانبی توزیع ایستای این فرآیندها مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. زنجیر قدم زدن تصادفی دو بعدی که در برخی متون به آن، فرآیند qbd دو طرفه نیز می گویند، یکی از این فرآیندها است. یک فرآیند qbd زمان گسسته یک زنجیر م...

abstract: in the paper of black and scholes (1973) a closed form solution for the price of a european option is derived . as extension to the black and scholes model with constant volatility, option pricing model with time varying volatility have been suggested within the frame work of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (garch) . these processes can explain a number of em...

one of the most important number sequences in mathematics is fibonacci sequence. fibonacci sequence except for mathematics is applied to other branches of science such as physics and arts. in fact, between anesthetics and this sequence there exists a wonderful relation. fibonacci sequence has an importance characteristic which is the golden number. in this thesis, the golden number is observed ...

abstract the first purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consciousness-raising (c-r) activities on learning grammatical structures (simple present tense in this case) by iranian guidance school efl learners. the second one was to investigate the effect of gender on learning the simple present tense through c-r activities and tasks. finally, this study aimed to investigate the ...

abstract: research purpose: the purpose of this research is to identify academic databases assessment factors and criteria at law and political science majors. the necessity of this research is to distinguish academic databases assessment factors and criteria and to identify the most important ones and rank them in order to select an appropriate database according to students’ and faculty memb...

one very decisive factor in students’ academic destiny is the result they get at final term examinations. because of its importance, both students and teachers are curiously anxious about them. as normally it is the case, these final term tests are prepared hurriedly in short time by teachers which result in students’ dissatisfaction, complaining on how the test was different from their expecta...

طرح های پوششی و انباشتی در ترکیبات از اهمیت خاصی برخوردارند که مطالعه ؟؟؟؟طرح های پوششی مینیمیم و؟؟؟؟؟ طرح های ماکسیمم اهمیت این موضوع را روشن می سازد. هدف این پایان نامه بحث و بررسی طرح های پوششی و انباشتی مطالعه اعداد وابسته به آنها و ارائه روش هایی برای ساخت این طرح ها می باشد.مراجع اصلی این پایان نامه عبارت است از :‏‎1. charles . j .colbourn, and jeffry h.dinitz, the crc handbook of combina...

abstract this paper discusses several commonly used models for strategic marketing¹ including market environmental analysis methods (i.e. swot and pest analysis) and strategic marketing tools and techniques (i.e. boston matrix and shell directional policy matrix)and shows how these models may help a firm to achieve its strategic goals. at first, the main reason for doing this research is de...

یک فضای خطی متناهی بر v نقطه با b خط یک فضا است که در آن از هر دو نقطه درست یک خط عبور می کند. در این پایان نامه ما مقالات زیر را که مربوط به فضاهای خطی ایت را بررسی می کنیم. melone, n. (1991). a structure theorem for finite linear spaces. lecture notes math, 2, 231-241. bridges, w.g. (1972). near 1-designs. j. combinatorial theory (a), 13, 116-126. varga, l.e. (1985). a note on the structu...

introduction acetic acid bacteria are large group of obligate aerobic gram negative bacteria with the ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid (1). they are widely distributed in natural habitats and classified in family acetobacteraceae. members of this family are useful in industrial production of vinegar(2). acetic acid bacteria (aab) can use substrates as glucose, ethanol, lactate or glyc...