ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Considering the increasing trend of thyroid cancer and increased number of new cases we performed this study to determine the risk factors for thyroid cancer in Kurdistan Province. Materials and Methods: 80 patients and 80 controls were matched and entered into this case-control study from September 2009 to September 2016 in Kurdistan Province. Data were colle...

Thyroid diseases in children and adolescents include acquired or congenital conditions, including genetic disorders either isolated part of a syndrome. Briefly, we will review the physiology pathophysiology thyroid gland its disorders. The aim this chapter is to describe abnormalities gland.

background  it is remain a main concern that pediatric chest radiographies contribute to the significant radiation exposure to the thyroid gland as a more susceptible organ to radiation induced cancer. the aim of this study was to evaluate the entrance surface dose (esd) of pediatric chest radiography compared to the diagnostic reference levels (drl) and evaluation the efficacy of the lead (pb)...

objective(s): in this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of thyroid volume measurement using 99mtc pertechnetate single-photon emission computed tomography (spect) images, acquired by the standardized uptake value (suv)-shape scheme designed by our expert team.methods: a total of 18 consecutive patients with graves’ disease (gd) were subjected to both ultrasonographic and 99mtc pertechnet...

Fasting is one of Islamic Five Pillars and it is an Islamic obligations. Even though fasting during Ramadan month is an obligatory, if this obligatory has dangerous effects on the human health, it is forbidden. In On the other hand, atypical levels of thyroid hormones can create serious problems for human body and normal range of these hormones is indicative of good thyroid function. The presen...

Background: Due to the lack of information about the role of 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 Gene in susceptibility to thyroid tumors, this study was performed to evaluate the potential effects of this polymorphism on clinicopathologic features of thyroid tumors in Iranian Azeri Turkish patients. Methods:In this case-control study, 90 patients with thyroid tumors ...

The aim of this report is to present a new two-piece thyroid-neck phantom produced by the concurrent use of epoxy resin and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA: plexiglass) soft tissue equivalent materials. Accordingly, mass attenuation coefficients of the epoxy resin and the plexiglass compounds were obtained from simulation (NIST XCOM 3.1) and measurements (practical dosimetry) and compared to th...

Background: Thyroid function disorders, particularly congenital hypothyroidism (CHT), are important endocrine dysfunctions associated with permanent morbidities. CHT is more prevalent among preterm low-birth-weight neonates compared to term infants with normal weight. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 126 very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates referred to the neonatal inten...