background evaluation of the cerebellum and vermis is one of the integral parts of the fetal cranial anomaly screening. objectives the aim of this study was to create a nomogram for fetal vermis measurements between 17 and 30 gestational weeks. patients and methods this prospective study was conducted on 171 volunteer pregnant women between march 2013 and december 2014. measurements of the feta...

some amide derivatives have been synthesized by the reaction of corresponding nitriles with potassium tert-butoxide as a nucleophilic oxygen source under ultrasonic irradiation. this new methodology provides good to excellent yields in short reaction times (15-90 min) at room temperature.

conclusions in the absence of associated anomalies, the risk of incidence of adverse events does not appear to be increased significantly with isolated sua. therefore, supplementary assessment and invasive tests are not recommended in fetuses with isolated sua, unless fetal abnormalities are detected in routine evaluations. background the umbilical cord normally consists of two arteries and one...

seminal vesicles (svs) are sex accessory organs and part of male genitourinary system. they play a critical role in male fertility. diseases of the svs, usually results in infertility. diseases of the svs are extremely rare and are infrequently reported in the literature. we address the current literature of sv pathologies, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. we review the clinical impo...

background: hemodialysis is a process of removing waste and excess fluid from blood when kidneys cannot function efficiently. it often involves diverting blood to the filter of the dialysis machin to be cleared of toxic substances. fouling of pores in dialysis membrane caused by adhesion of plasma protein and other toxins will reduce the efficacy of the filtre. objective: in this study, the inf...

background: gastroesophageal reflux (ger), defined as passage of gastric contents into the esophagus, and ger disease (gerd), defined as symptoms or complications of ger, are common pediatric problems. the value of commonly used diagnostic tests for ger is examined to define the most sensitive and specific test that is the least invasive as well. materials and methods: we conducted this cross s...

background: various uterine disorders lead to infertility in women of reproductive ages. this study was performed to describe common uterine causes of infertility and sonographic evaluation of them for midwives.   methods:to study the literatures, manuscripts published at “pubmed”, “elsevier”, “google scholar”, “sid” and original text books, between 1985 and 2015, were carefully reviewed, using...

purpose : to compare laser interferometry (li) and ultrasound a-scan in measurement of axial length ( al ) in eyes with asteroid hyalosis methods : twenty three patients with unilateral moderate to severe asteroid hyalosis determined by b-scan ultrasonography images participated in the study. the al measurements were obtained by li and ultrasound a-scan in both asteroid hyalosis and noninvolved...