Hate speech in the form of racism and sexism is commonplace on the internet (Waseem and Hovy, 2016). For this reason, there has been both an academic and an industry interest in detection of hate speech. The volume of data to be reviewed for creating data sets encourages a use of crowd sourcing for the annotation efforts. In this paper, we provide an examination of the influence of annotator kn...

This paper presents an extension to SQL where end-users can specify their information quality constraints in the queries. Specifically, it shows how an SQL quality estimator module evaluates the quality profiles (i.e. accuracy and completeness) of queries based on the defined quality constraints. The quality estimations are numeric which would support the end-users in determining the value and ...

Environmental philosophers spend considerable time drawing the divide between humans and the rest of nature. Some argue that humans and our actions are unnatural. Others allow that humans are natural, but maintain that humans are nevertheless distinct. The motivation for distinguishing humans from the rest of nature is the desire to determine what aspects of the environment should be preserved....

Avian song learning is an important model system for understanding vocal learning in humans and other animals. Laboratory studies indicate that social interactions are critical for song learning, but field observations show that territorial males are aggressive to intruders, raising the question of whether young birds are tolerated, much less tutored in the wild. We examined how adult song spar...

We describe a basic Geo-coding service encompassing a geo-parsing tool and integrated digital gazetteer service. The development of a geo-parser comes from the need to explicitly georeference large resource collections such as the Statistical Accounts of Scotland which currently only contain implicit georeferences in the form of placennames thus making such collections inherently geographically...

Early work on natural language database query processing focused on theories of compositional semantics. Recent work concentrates on the translation of NL queries to SQL where semantics is primarily used in an ad hoc manner to guide syntactic translation. Here, we argue that there remains a need for an efficiently-implementable denotational semantics for NL DB queries, and show how this can be ...

(✓ 1 ✓ 2 ) := F ( ̄ ✓)(✓ 1 ✓ 2 ) (17) Since μ̇ > 0 and min (V ) > 0, we have (✓ 1 ✓ 2 ) 0 (G(✓ 1 ) G(✓ 2 )) (✓ 1 ✓ 2 ) 0 (V )(✓ 1 ✓ 2 ) > 0 for any ✓ 1 6= ✓ 2 . Hence, G(✓) is an injection from Rd to Rd, and so G 1 is a well-defined function. Consequently, (15) has a unique solution ˆ ✓ = G (Z). Let us consider an ⌘-neighborhood of ✓⇤, B⌘ := {✓ : k✓ ✓⇤k  ⌘}, where ⌘ > 0 is a constant that will ...

  Abstract The present study begins by sketching "Chaos/Complexity Theory" (C/CT) and its applica-tion to the nature of language and language acquisition. Then, the theory of "Universal Grammar" (UG) is explicated with an eye to C/CT. Firstly, it is revealed that CCT may or may not be allied with a theory of language acquisition that takes UG as the initial state of language acquisition for ...

where is the problem? health scientists are constantly trying to support people by diagnosing, managing the diseases, and improving health in all possible dimensions. attention has been drawn to all aspects of health including biological, psychological, social and spiritual. the problem may lay in behavior, clinical issues, organ cites, genome and epigenome. thus it falls on us, the medical soc...