zafar n?meh was written by hamdoll?h mostoufi who was a famous iranian historian and geographer in the mongol era and his versified book covers the history of iran after islam until 1336 ad. although this is one of the important sources in the study of mongol era, it has not been considered properly, because this book went under the shadow of another well-known book on history of mongol, j?mi a...

the first part of the paper describes the persian translation of naṣīr al-dīn al-ṭūsī’s taḥrīr kitāb uqlīdis by quṭb al-dīn al-shīrāzī, with a primary focus on his appendix to book i. part of a larger encyclopedic collection, al-shīrāzī’s translation continued to be read for centuries. as evidence of the work’s influence, al-shīrāzī’s appendix to book i was included in a nineteenth century prin...

irony is considered as a rhetorical device that is used more frequently than trope and metaphor. consequently, in spite of all their disagreements in defining irony varieties over centuries, rhetoricians have made significant efforts and have left some conspicuous works about it. al-kashāf al-zamakhshari commentary is the most well-known source of rhetorical interpretation that is referred to i...

nuṣayrī-‘alawī is a shiite sect that the extremist-esoteric approach among them is highly visible. due to the mysterious nature of such these esoteric movements, a little work of nuṣayrī heritage is available to the public. a collection entitled silsilat al-turāth al-‘alawī has published in recent years which includes an abundant works of  nuṣayrī heritage. ḥaqāiq asrār al-dīn is one of them th...

Extract: The perspective that cancer may be causally linked to stress has a long history. In 200 AD, Galen proposed that melancholic women were more susceptible to cancer than women who were sanguine. Rigorous examinations of related observations have lagged over the ensuing centuries. More recently, epidemiologic studies have shown that psychologic and social characteristics (e.g., chronic str...