despite the few data about mardâs in shâhnâme, the very high attention of scholars to him and his name is indebted to the importance of his son, zahhâk, in iranian mythology. the lack of any information about this personality in avesta, ambiguity of written forms of his name in pahlavi script in middle persian texts, multiplicity of the recorded forms in islamic texts and also the similarity of...

mulla sadra treated logos (kalam) as something that expresses the inside of the speaker, and explained that divine logos includes god’s creatures and god's action, therefore applying the word and logos to the universe is true, and according to the definition, god is speaker. mulla sadra explains the divine logos and command in three steps: superior logos i.e. the world of amr, middle logos...

Kant believes that the concepts of a just and compassionate God and the life beyond death spring from our rational need to unite happiness with virtue. But since Kant had banished happiness from any place in moral reasoning, his philosophy of religion have been deemed as not merely discontinuous with his ethics but radically opposed to it. This article tries to argue against this apparent incon...

the book mazamir is attributed to prophet david (as) and is full of metaphors about god, human being, sins, believers and unbelievers. although some parts of this book has not addressed and described the god in the way he deserves, it could be said that its metaphors are compatible and similar to those in holy quran in form and content. comparing the god to a shelter and the sinners to unfruitf...

The science of kalam is the that discusses divine problems and various related to them based on convincing arguments. Kalam also called monotheism, aqidah, ushuludin, Fiqh al-akbar because it issue belief which subject religious teachings discussion. essence make us more confident in what we believe Allah arguments naqli aqli. main problem Science lies three issues, namely Essence God Himself w...