Water salinity and drought are the major abiotic stresses limiting turf grass growth. On the other hand, shortage of waterresources and salinity of water and soil in the arid and semi-arid zones such as Iran, are the restricting factors in developinglawn turf grasses. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of water salinity and deficit irrigation ontall fescue (Festuca aru...

Motivated by a classical result concerning the ε-subdifferential of the sum of two proper, convex and lower semicontinuous functions, we give in this paper a similar result for the enlargement of the sum of two maximal monotone operators defined on a Banach space. This is done by establishing a necessary and sufficient condition for a bivariate inf-convolution formula.

The concept of upper and lower semicontinuity of fuzzy mappings introduced by Bao and Wu [Y.E. Bao, C.X. Wu, Convexity and semicontinuity of fuzzy mappings, Comput. Math. Appl., 51 (2006) 1809–1816] is redefined by using the concept of parameterized triples of fuzzy numbers. On the basis of the linear ordering of fuzzy numbers proposed by Goetschel and Voxman [R. Goetschel, W. Voxman, Elementar...

The use of large amounts of distributed and heterogeneous information has become extremely cumbersome; this difficulty is mainly related to exploring the data, rather than actually storing or exchanging it. The user who is interested in small bits of information is getting more and more confused when having to dig under a large volume of diverse and more importantly semi-structured data. In thi...

where H is the mean curvature of the immersion and K its Gauss curvature. This functional models the elastic energy of thin shells. Willmore studied in [7] the functional W0, by now called Willmore functional. First we note that Wγ(Γ) ≥ 0 holds for every γ ∈ [0, 1]. Let κ1, κ2 ∈ R denote the principal curvatures of the surface. Then H − γK = 1 4 (κ1 + κ2) 2 − γκ1 · κ2 = 1−γ 4 (κ1 + κ2) 2 + γ 4 ...

Automatic attribute discovery methods have gained in popularity to extract sets of visual attributes from images or videos for various tasks. Despite their good performance in some classification tasks, it is difficult to evaluate whether the attributes discovered by these methods are meaningful and which methods are the most appropriate to discover attributes for visual descriptions. In its si...

Background. We explore the nature and aspects of the information needs of informal carers. A comprehensive understanding of these needs is important because it is the first step to meeting these needs effectively. Aim. We report on an empirical validation of a framework for understanding the information needs of carers, composed of four need states: recogniseddemanded, recognised-undemanded, un...

soil moisture is one of the critical parameters in climatic, ecological and hydrological modeling and vegetation growth. soil moisture is important for environmental studies but due to ground-based point measurement of soil moisture is expensive and impractical for watershed measurement, this parameter is not be used widely to simulate and predict models. overall and uniform view on different p...