discussion recently about life-cycle funds and their role in providing a secure retirement income for older Americans. These funds, which gradually shift account assets from broad-based stock funds to bond funds as a participant ages, are becoming an important vehicle for retirement savings. This policy brief explores the economic rationale behind the life-cycle approach and the advantages and ...

Traditionally, integration has been studied at the country level. With increasing economic integration, industrial reorganization, and blurring of national boundaries (e.g., EU), it is important to investigate global integration at the industry level. We argue that country-level integration (segmentation) does not preclude industry-level segmentation (integration). Indeed, our results suggest t...

The aim of this paper is to expand the methodological spectrum of socially responsible investing by introducing stochastic sustainability returns into safety first models for portfolio choice. We provide a foundation of the notion of sustainability in portfolio theory and establish a general model for generalized safety first portfolio management with probabilistic constraints and three special...

Using Web-of-Science data, portfolio analysis in terms of journal coverage can be projected on a base map for units of analysis such as countries, cities, universities, and firms. The units of analysis under study can be compared statistically across the 10,000+ journals. The interdisciplinarity of the portfolios is measured using Rao-Stirling diversity or Zhang et al.’s (in press) improved mea...

mahmoud taymour (1894-1973) is one of the great contemporary arab fiction writers, who has contributed a lot to the arabic literature. he was a pioneer of the modern arabic novel and short story and he was called the father of contemporary arabic fiction. one of his most important works is shams and layl which is a real travelogue mixed with the writer’s wondrous fantasy. in this paper the auth...

â â  this study, which is done in the light of modern research, is a small step in exploring the great heritage of arabic rhetoric. it may be quite appropriate to explore rhetorical techniques in the work of 'abd al- qähä«r al-jurjänä«, particularly because he has been neglected in many pieces of research on rhetoric. this article is an attempt for describing 'abd al- qähä«r’s ap...

mind is mysterious and complex . thoughts were transferred from one mind to the other mind by cognitive domains and senses. the scientific information is based on observation and analysis, and research may benefit the most through initial real information. we have a virtual area in mind; this area can help us for cognition of patients even if they do not speak. physicians, nurses, therapists, c...