In this paper by use of mathematical modeling of an observer [14,15] the notion of relative information functional for relative dynamical systemson compact metric spaces is presented. We extract the information function ofan ergodic dynamical system (X,T) from the relative information of T fromthe view point of observer χX, where X denotes the base space of the system.We also generalize the in...

We have developed a robust qualitative method for robot exploration, mapping, and navigation in large-scale spatial environments. An environment is large-scale if its spatial structure is at a signi cantly larger scale than the sensory horizon of the observer. Experiments with a simulated robot in a variety of 2-D environments have demonstrated that our method can build an accurate map of an un...

This chapter examines the concept of offence, both its giving and taking, and argues that such an examination can shed some light on global ethical issues. It examines the nature of offence, what, if anything, is wrong in giving offence, the obligations on the offended, whether or not offence is objective, and offence in a global setting. It argues for the view that choice and context provide s...

The present study examines how global tempo adjustment can reflect the allocation of emphasis, whether emphasis is a local prosodic phenomenon, whether the degree of perceived emphasis corresponds systematically to speech signal, and whether temporal features can be derived from production analysis. Results from acoustic analysis showed positive correlations between perceived emphasis to both l...

Cooperation and collaboration are generally an inherent part of everyday practice, and particularly among nurses. However, the technologies that support these practices are still inadequate. In this study, we present and discuss the use of classifications in nursing practice, and highlight the collective re-construction of classifications that emerge over time. Specifically, we study how the ne...

PURPOSE To evaluate qualitative wall motion assessment vs. quantitative wall thickening for the assessment of subtle changes in myocardial systolic function using cine MRI. METHODS Cine MR images were obtained in 5 canines with a significant coronary artery stenosis and in 2 controls on a 1.5T scanner. Qualitative results were obtained using a numerical scoring system; quantitative analysis w...

The purpose of this research is to propose an effective color metric which can predict the perceptual image quality for Retinex method. In this paper, we first give a brief introduction of three kinds of typical single Retinex methods to improve the color reproduction. And then, we state the process for obtaining the observer rating value from the subjective evaluation experiment performed unde...