soil alkalinity and salinity are serious problems in arid and semi-arid regions, and therefore monitoring of soil ph and electrical conductivity (ec) is necessary in any region. the present study aimed to properly interpolate soil ph and ec as soil quality indices in a semi-arid mountainous area with annual precipitation of 342.4 mm. the study area is the karimabad rangelands in hamadan provinc...

The seasonal study of wing dimorphism in the European mole cricket, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae), was carried out in northwest Iran. Based on present research, the long-winged (LW) morph appeared in early-mid spring when vegetation density is low and the crickets need to fly to search for food. Study of foretibiae showed that the dactyls are elongated an...

Silkworm antitrypsin (sw-AT) isolated from larval hemolymph was limitedly digested by Achromobacter lysylendopeptidase, alpha-chymotrypsin, subtilisin BPN', subtilisin Carlsberg, papain, or Pseudomonas elastase. Each proteinase could cleave specific site(s) around the reactive site identified for the reaction of sw-AT and bovine trypsin. Among these proteinases, only subtilisin BPN' was inhibit...

A house is not primarily a solid building; it is a system of activities. It has to accommodate a broad range of diurnal and nocturnal activities throughout the entire year, and this can best be achieved by means of a flexible spatial configuration. Any changes in the house users and their needs affect the space requirements, but we cannot predict and control these processes. This (case s...

statistical studies on palynology contents of late cretaceous to paleocene age gurpi formation in a surface section in zagros basin,sw iran indicate changes in abundance, species diversity, ratio of spiniferites to cyclonephelium (s/c), palynological marine index(pmi) values and organic facies. these palynological variations clearly reflect fluctuations in relative sea-level and depositionalenv...