Fractional step (or projection) methods are a widely used technique for uncoupling the pressure solution in the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations while still satisfying the incompressibility constraint. Traditional fractional step methods have a time splitting error that can become quite significant if any of the terms in the momentum equation are treated implicitly. Higher order splitting...

Classical constraint satisfaction is concerned with the feasibility of satisfying a collection of constraints. The extension of this framework to include optimisation is now also being investigated and a theory of so-called soft constraints is being developed. In this extended framework, tuples of values allowed by constraints are given desirability weightings, or costs, and the goal is to find...

the realization optimality theory is a recent development in the original optimality theory which is proposed to deal with morphological issues especially the inflectional ones. its main idea is to consider the morphological realization rules as ranked violable language-specific constraints that control the realization processes and provide phonological information of grammatical morphemes. thi...

Given a product design and a repair network for capital goods, a level of repair analysis determines for each component in the product (1) whether it should be discarded or repaired upon failure and (2) at which location in the repair network to do this. In this paper, we show how the problem can be modelled as a minimum cost flow problem with side constraints. Advantages are that (1) solving o...

this study set out to investigate the distribution of the syntactic properties associatedwith the prodrop parameter by persian-speaking l2 learners of english in an attemptto examine the (un)attainability of native-like knowledge and (in)accessibility of ugin adult sla. to do so, 92 participants were assigned into different levels of l2knowledge based on their performances on the oxford placeme...

This study proposes a new multi-item inventory model with hybrid cost parameters under a fuzzy-stochastic constraint and permissible delay in payment. The price and marketing expenditure dependent stochastic demand and the demand dependent the unit production cost are considered. Shortages are allowed and partially backordered. The main objective of this paper is to determine selling price, mar...

In this paper, an Economic Order quantity (E.O.Q) model with unit production cost, time depended holding cost, with-out shortages is formulated and solved. In most real world situation, the objective and constraint function of the decision makers are uncertainty in nature so the coefficients, indices the objective function and constraint goals are imposed here in fuzzy environment The problem i...