This paper analyzes the internal bribery records made available for research by an Asian trading firm. It documents pervasive corruption in government procurement and evaluates the impact of different auction regulations. The average kickback was 14.7% of the product cost when auctions were not mandatory. To fight corruption, the government mandated best-value auctions in 2001, and strengthened...

Doctors volunteering to give the covid-19 vaccine should not have undertake unnecessary training, such as on preventing terrorism, health secretary has said. Retired doctors who volunteered help with roll out through NHS Professionals been asked complete 18 training modules which include radicalisation and fire safety. One retired GP said Twitter that she had given up trying sign volunteer aft...

BACKGROUND Four social audits in 1998, 2003, 2006 and 2009 identified actions that Nicaragua could take to reduce corruption and public perception in primary health care and other key services. METHODS In a 71-cluster sample, weighted according to the 1995 census and stratified by geographic region and settlement type, we audited the same five public services: health centres and health posts,...

Corruption is rampant in many poor countries. As such, anti-corruption policies continue to be a central component of development strategies. For example, since 1996, the World Bank alone has supported more than 600 anti-corruption programs. Unfortunately, this is one area where research has lagged policy. Research on corruption faces two important obstacles—one empirical and one theoretical. O...

This paper examines the relationship between different dimensions of institutional quality and informal sector size using a large dataset covering 140 countries. It included most recent data (from year 2019) (measured as percent GDP) several variables, which include corruption control, law order, bureaucracy quality, military in politics, democratic accountability, ethnic tensions, religious te...

The health sector often appears prominent in surveys of perceived corruption, because citizens experience the symptoms of systemic corruption most distressingly during their interaction with frontline health workers. However, the underlying drivers of systemic corruption in society may be located in other social systems with the health system demonstrating the symptoms ...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of bureaucratic structure on the employee engagement (EE). Our study extends previous researches by considering bureaucracy from two points of view: enabling versus hindering. We study the extent to which these two types of bureaucracy are related to the two forms of employee engagement: organizational (OE) and work engagement (WE). The vie...

The article examines an opportunity of corruption restriction exercised by international business community in Russia. Integration of Russian economy into the international business does not reduce corruption inside the country. Foreign actors investing in Russia under the condition of obtaining their required rates of returns will be reluctant to harm their investments by involving into antico...