Interference across competing firms in RCTs can be informative about market structure. An experiment that subsidizes a random subset of traders who buy cocoa from farmers Sierra Leone illustrates this idea. Interpreting treatment-control differences prices and quantities purchased through model Cournot competition reveals differentiation between is low. Combining result with quasi-experimental ...

This paper examines how subsistence farmers respond to extreme heat. Using microdata from Peruvian households, we find that high temperatures reduce agricultural productivity, increase area planted, and change crop mix. These findings are consistent with using input adjustments as a short-term mechanism attenuate the effect of heat on output. response seems complement other coping strategies, s...

abstract export of nonoil goods in economic activities is so important and its effect on economic and comparative growth is undeniable. so, emphasize on agricultural sector and development of export in this sector prepares good conditions, for iran, to be present at international markets relying its advantages. the study tries to recognize necessary policies to enhance agricultural export poten...

This study overviews sustainable development goals (SDGs) and energy transition (SET) then examines − sub-Sahara Africa’s (SSA) participation in SET; challenges of power inadequacy, exploitation, deployment zero-carbon based energy; steps to fast track renewable (RE) utilisation. The identifies factors responsible for inadequacy the region include poor equipment manufacturing infrastructure, pi...

The present study aims to explore the causal relationship among economic growth energy consumption and urbanization environmental quality in ASEAN-5 countries. current conduct time series analysis countries using granger casualty model consisting data set from 1980 2018. outcomes of reveals that urban population cause CO2 emission suggested should reduce utilization fossil fuel based induct rob...

this paper describes two data analysis techniques adopted in a decision support system (dss), decline curve estimation and artificial neural network (ann) approaches, which aid users in predicting oil production of a field. the system generates different predictions, according to scenario, chosen for prediction. these two approaches show that to explain production of a field, ann method shows b...

The integration of markets may improve efficiency by lowering costs or reducing local market power. India, seeking to reduce electricity shortages, recently set up a market for power trade, in which transmission constraints bind nearly half the time, limiting competition between regions and raising prices by forty percent. I use confidential data on bidding to estimate the costs of electricity ...

The literature argues that income growth leads to increased demand for environmental quality and thus reduction in pollution. Using a utility theoretic model, we hypothesize that the income±pollution relationship should depend on the level of disamenity of the pollutant. We proxy for disamenity using the toxicity of releases. For counties in the United States, the functional relationship betwee...